WTO法在區域貿易協定解釋中的適用探究

On Applicability of WTO Law in Interpretation to Regional Trade Agreements (RTA)

目前的區域貿易協定常常借鑒、模仿WTO條約語言，在對這些納入了WTO條約語言的區域貿易協定進行解釋時，WTO判例法可能起到一定的作用。如果WT0法及其判例中的某些解釋滿足了習慣國際法形成的條件，它們有可能發展成為習慣國際法，從而被區域貿易協定仲裁庭適用。即便WT0法及其判例中的某些解釋形成習慣國際法存在困難，一些國際仲裁庭在解釋區域貿易協定時，已將WTO判例作為《國際法院規約》第38條第1款d項中的“司法判例”加以考慮。中國簽訂的雙邊或區域自由貿易協定也有不少納入了WT0條約用語，我們有必要立足於《維也納條約法公約》的解釋原則，把WT0解釋和類似於WT0條約語言的協定解釋聯繫起來。

There is a trend for regional trade agreements to borrow or imitate the WTO provisions. When explaining the regional trade agreements which incorporate WTO language, WTO case law may be applied. If some aspects of WTO law satisfy the requirements of the formation of customary international law, they may evolve into it and be applied by RTA arbitration tribunals. Even there are some difficulties in the formation of customary international law, WTO case law has already been applied by some RTA arbitrational tribunals as judicial decisions under Article 38(1) (d) of the Statute of the International Court of Justice. It is necessary to link the interpretation of the agreement of WTO with RTA on the basis of Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties since China has already borrowed much WTO language into its own bilateral and regional trade agreements.