日本知識產權高等法院研究

Study on the Intellectual Property High Court in Japan

知識產權高等法院的設立是日本“知識產權立國”政策最大的亮點，其主要目的是建立技術類知識產權案件二審的專門法院，並設立了大合議、法院調查員和專門委員制度。由於特許廳在專利的數量控制上占優勢，故特許廳的審判前置在確保專門性這一點上仍具有獨立的價值。另一方面，知識產權高等法院為實現多元集中化進行了各種嘗試，然而該嘗試時常受到大合議的干扰，因此需要避免大合議過早干預，同時須處理好知識產權高等法院與最高法院的關係，形成良好的運行機制。

The establishment of the Intellectual Property High Court (IP High Court) in 2005 is the biggest highlight of “IP-Based Nation” policy in Japan, the main purpose of which is to build a specialized appellate court in lawsuits relating to technological IP. Systems of Grand Panel, Judicial Research Ofifcials and Technical Advisers are built simultaneously. As the matter of specialization, advantages in quantitative control of JPO give independent value to the principle requiring a JPO invalidation trial decision prior to filing a suit. IP High Court attempts to realize“diversiifcation in Centralization”, unfortunately this has sometimes been disturbed by poor operations of Grand Panel proceeding. Therefore, we should avoid premature intervention of the Grand Panel, deal properly with the relationship between IP High Court and Supreme Court to build a well-operated system.