中國知識產權法院的願景及其實現路徑

Chinese IP Courts：The Vision and the Road

中國知識產權專業審判組織的建構始自20世紀90年代，知識產權法院是其自然延伸。設立知識產權法院有諸多理由，如促進司法統一、提高程序效率、強化知識產權保護、樹立良好國際形象、試點司法改革等，但並不能從理性上由此得出知識產權法院具有必然性的結論。因而，知識產權法院是綜合政策的結果。知識產權法院在我國應定位於專門法院，其建立與完善是一個長期的過程。有必要借鑒域外知識產權法院的經驗，並結合現實國情，建立有中國特色的知識產權法院制度。知識產權法院的建設還應置於司法改革的背景下，在司法體制、機制以及知識產權特別程序制度方面進行探索，為全面的司法改革積累經驗。

The establishment of Chinese intellectual property (IP) trial organizations began in the 1990s, and the creation of specialized IP courts is a natural extension of a developing IP system. There are many reasons for establishing IP courts such as the promotion of judicial unity, increase in litigation efifciency, strengthening of IP protection, creating an international image of domestic IP protection, and testing new methods of judicial reform. However, these reasons alone do not signify that specialized IP courts are necessary. Rather, IP courts are a result of a comprehensive policy. They should be established in special people’s courts, and their creation and perfection will be a long process. The creation of a China-specific IP court system will require both learning from the experiences of foreign IP courts as well as a consideration of current domestic conditions. The establishment of IP courts should be considered under the context of judicial reform, the mechanisms of the judicial system and specific aspects of IP procedures should be explored to foster comprehensive judicial reform.