中國（上海）自由貿易試驗區知識產權保護研究

Intellectual Property Protection in China(Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone

中國（上海）自由貿易試驗區的建立對推進國內改革與世界市場開放具有里程碑式的意義。我國的自由貿易試驗區屬於自由貿易園區(FTZ)，不同於自由貿易協定下的自由貿易區(FTA)，也不同於傳統保稅區，具有“境內關外”和“一線放開、二線管住”的特徵。自由貿易試驗區的貿易便利化舉措必然使其成為知識產權侵權避風港的可能性急劇上升。但由於相應制度的缺失和認識的偏差，自由貿易試驗區可能成為知識產權海關執法的模糊區甚至空白區，同時我國目前的知識產權保護體系與自由貿易試驗區尋求的便捷、高效的知識產權市場監管模式和糾紛解決機制相距甚遠。從相關國際條約的立法和國內外自由貿易園區的實踐來看，在自由貿易園區內實施更加嚴格的知識產權保護是現在和未來國際知識產權保護的必然趨勢。因此，在自由貿易試驗區內應加強知識產權海關保護、建立知識產權市場監管體系、完善知識產權糾紛解決機制。

China(Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone marks a major milestone in the nation’s commitment to forge ahead with domestic reforms and wider opening to world markets. The Pilot Free Trade Zone of our country belongs to Free Trade Zone(FTZ), which is different from the Free Trade Area(FTA) stipulated in the Free Trade Agreement and is also different from the traditional bonded area. Features of the Pilot Free Trade Zone are “outside the Customs territory” and “first-line completely liberalized, safely and efficiently manage to second-line”. Trade facilitation measures in Zone will inevitably lead to high possibility of infringement of Intellectual Property. However, the Pilot Free Trade Zone may be vague in, even totally beyond the Customs enforcement of Intellectual Property because of the lack of regulation and misunderstanding of the Zone. Meanwhile, the traditional Intellectual Property Protection System may be far from the convenient and efficient market supervision and dispute resolution which the FTZ are seeking for. According to the legislation of relevant international treaties and the practice of the free trade zones at home and abroad, it is a trend of international protection of Intellectual Property to implement stricter protection of Intellectual Property in Free Trade Zones. Thus, it is recommended to strengthen the Customs protection, establish Market Regulatory System and improve the Dispute Resolution Mechanism of Intellectual Property in Pilot Free Trade Zone.