論機動車損害賠償責任

The Automobile Compensation Liability of Damage

本文闡述了機動車損害賠償責任的義務，考察了國際上共通的做法，指出我國可以並且必須與國際接軌，闡釋了機動車損害賠償責任堅實的物理性基礎和必然的社會原因以及科學的法理依據，探討了我國機動車損害賠償責任中頗具爭論的過失判斷基準，無過失責任的意義、過失相抵制度在法律公平實現中的作用等問題，闡釋了機動車損害賠償責任在侵權行為法中的定位、如何體現侵權行為法的基本原則等理論問題，探討了機動車損害賠償責任的成立要件及我國法律規定的現實問題。在此基礎上，提出了我國機動車損害賠償責任法的應然狀態，並指出了相關的法治建設問題。文章還指出，侵權行為法學是一個理論性極強而又與社會生活和大眾切身利益聯繫最緊密的學科領域。只有認真探討和解決交通事故、環境汙染等現代社會中具體侵權行為帶來的問題，侵權行為法學才會有一個長足的發展。

This essay elaborates the meaning of automobile liability, examines the common practice of international community in this field, points out the feasibility and the necessity for China to adapt itself to such international practice, reveals the physical basis, social causes, and jurisprudential foundation of special automobile liability, the meaning of non-fault liability, and the role played by the contributory negligence system in the realization of justice. It also explores theoretical issues such as the position of automobile liability in the tort law and the ways to realize the principle of the tort law, as well as practical issues such as the constitutive elements of, and the Chinese legal provisions on, automobile responsibility. Based on the above discussion, the author puts forward suggestions on what the law of automobile liability aught to be and raises the relevant issues of legal construction. Moreover, the author emphasizes that the tort theory is a discipline which is highly theoretical and yet closed related to social life and the people's immediate interests. The tort theory can have a rapid development only when the problems brought about by traffic accidents and environmental pollution are seriously studied and resolved.