銷售合同中損害賠償責任的免責事由－－從聯合國國際貨物銷售公約到日本民法理論的方法論

本文旨在從對日本構建契約責任論的啟示方面，對聯合國貨物銷售公約第7 9 條的免責制度進行探討。本文闡述了對第7 9 條所採用的對不履行和不適當給付加以區別的一元化方法的理解；闡明了公約將損害賠償責任與履行請求權分離的立場；立足於從海牙公約到聯合國公約的變遷的背景，指出第7 9 條的免責原理採用了否定有責性的客觀責任體系，主張合理地分配風險，並從中總結出對日本契約責任的。歸責構想的啟示；討論了公約第7 9 條考慮風險分配的具體方法及其在實務中的應用；結論部分提出了公約中需深化理論研究的若干課題，作為日本今後開展民法契約責任論研究的重要問題。

Based on analyzing exception provision of Article 79 of United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (1980) and the large amount of comments concerning it, the Obligation System of contract in Japan domestic can gain the enlightenment from it and be put forward. Article 79 of The Convention distinguishes damages from specific performance, and provides that risk should be distributed between the two parties. As the conclusion the author points out certain issues concerning article 79 in Japan that shall be discussed in future.