從《玉海》、《困學紀聞》看王應麟的《詩經》文獻學

Wang Yinglin's ＂Shijing＂ Scholarship, as Reflected in His ＂Yu Hai＂ and ＂Kunxue Jiwen＂

宋儒王應麟以學識淵博著稱於世，《玉海》與《困學紀聞》為其博雅考訂之代表作，前者為宋代著名之類書，後者則為學術札記型著作，其共同特色為：體系龐大，取證繁多。在《詩經》學史上，王應麟的《詩考》、《詩地理考》都是名著，《玉海》與《困學紀聞》則因非屬《詩》學專門著述，容易被學者所忽略，實際上《玉海》與《困學紀聞》所提供的《詩經》文獻學在學術史上自有其貢獻與意義。本文透過《玉海》、《困學紀聞》來看王應麟的《詩經》文獻學，考察的是兩書的《詩》學史料彙編特質與成果，並且檢視、評騭前人對於王應麟學術表現的議論，從而為兩書的定位與意義做出說明。依本文所見，經典總是可以讓讀者詮釋出多元意義，王應麟的文獻彙編型著作則提供了這種多元詮釋的取資來源，在《詩經》學史上，《玉海》與《困學紀聞》的價值就在於此。

The Song dynasty scholar Wang Yinglin was known for his erudition, and his Yu hai and Kunxue jiwen were results of painstaking research. Yu hai is a renowned encyclopedia, and Kunxue jiwen consists of Wang's reading notes and thoughts: both are big books and impressive scholarship. While Wang's Shi kao and Shi dili kao clearly belong to the field of Shijing studies, Yu hai and Kunxue jiwen do not. Yet, this paper argues that Wang's Yu hai and Kunxue jiwen contain documents that are invaluable for scholarly research of the Shijing. This paper examines Wang Yinglin's Shijing scholarship, especially his presentation of historical documents of the Shijing, as reflected in his Yu hai and Kunxue jiwen. It also discusses the reception of his works since Song times. It concludes that students of Shijing should definitely consult Yu hai and Kunxue jiwen for information and materials.