國際法視野中的軟法－－從軟法與條約間關係的視角

Soft Law in the Fields of International Law--From the Perspective of the Relationship between Soft Law and Treaty

軟法是指那些不具有法律約束力、但對主體行為有指導和規範效果、人為設計的國際規範。相對於條約，軟法具有成本低、批准快、修訂易、彈性大等優勢。條約是軟法的重要歸宿，特定情況下，軟法可以被國際組織或國家採納，成為條約的一部分。通過對軟法和條約關係的研究，我們看到未來軟法必將獲得更大的發展空間，軟法與條約並存發展是國際規則領域的長期特徵。

Soft law refers to the man-made international rules which are not binding on the one hand, while playing instructive and regulative roles on the other hand. Comparing with treaty, soft law carries some advantages, including low costs, fast ratification, easy revision and flexibility. Soft law is destined to be a part of treaty to some extent. In some circumstances, soft law may be adopted by international organizations or states in the process of treaty-making. The study on the relationship between soft law and treaty shows that soft law will have a bigger space to move forward. It is a long-term phenomenon in international law that soft law and treaty will coexist.