從國際人權的政治哲學觀談台灣的外國移工人權－－兼論人權、勞動市場、產業競爭力的交錯與衝突

The Rights of the Migrant Workers in Taiwan from the Perspective of Political Philosophy of International Human Rights - the Interaction and Conflicts between Human Rights, Labor Market, and Industrial Competitiveness

眾所周知地，1990年代初期首次開放藍領外籍勞工以降，補充性原則、限業限量、避免衝擊本國勞工勞動市場權益，始終是關鍵性的政策思維，易言之，「提昇國內產業競爭力」、「維持國內勞動市場均衡」，甚至再進一步的所謂「藉引進外籍勞工而促使企業僱用本國勞工」的所謂「就業論證」 ，亦屬探討整個外籍勞工法律管制之法政策上，絕對不可或缺的核心客體。本文希望將視野與論述目標擺在「鋪陳觀察問題之結構體系」，面對涉及人權保障（外籍勞工）、產業競爭力（外籍勞工需求面）、勞動市場均衡（作為第三人之本國勞工）之複雜三角關係，能夠有提供吾人得以參考之更深入、更能關照問題全貌的考察方式，因此最後，作者選擇以國際人權法上政治哲學的角度，來做整體的回溯與定論。

Ever since the open of blue-collar foreign labors in the beginning of 1990s, supplementary principle, quota regulation and avoidance of impacts toward domestic labors still plays the crucial role in policy making. To put it simply, relevant discourses such as to increase the competitiveness of domestic industries, to maintain the balance of domestic labor market, and even to encourage enterprises to employ domestic labor by introducing foreign labors also play an inevitable role in policy making with regard to the foreign labors. This article aims to target on the objective of ＂the structural system of the observed problems＂. As to the complicated triangular relationship between human rights (foreign labors), industrial competitiveness (the need of foreign labors), and balance of labor market (domestic labor as the third party), this article aims to provide a deeper and more comprehensive observance and review. Finally, the author choose the perspective of the political philosophy of international human rights law to identify and to induce the problem in a more thorough way.