超小型國家與聯合國

Micro-States and The United Nations

超小型國家指的是面積小、人口少、資源匱乏、國民生產毛額低的國家，雖然實際上比較近似於一個城市的治理規模，但在國家平等的原則下，由於在國際政治上是屬於主權國家層級的地位，它們也成為聯合國的正式會員國。問題在於聯合國這種類型的國際組織，並非一個超級邦聯的國家集合體，而是一個國際組織。既然是國際組織，那麼就應遵守國家主權平等的基本原則。換言之，聯合國想要剝奪超小型國家的權利的確有實際上的困難。本文旨在討論早期聯合國如何處理超小型國家的會員資格問題，以及超小型國家目前在聯合國遭逢的問題。

Micro states means a small-size and less-populated countries with scarce resources and low GDP. Though the administration of micro states is similar to that of cities, it is still a state with sovereign power and is eligible as a member of the UN under the principle of sovereign equality. According the general rules of international law, the UN is defined as an inter-governmental organization rather than a consortium of states. Therefore, it by no means deprives the sovereign rights of micro states. this article thus discusses the challenge faced by the micro states with regard to UN Membership and their participation in the UN.