司法的親歷性

On Judicial Experience

司法親歷性是司法的重要原理，也是司法規律中行為規律的重要內容，它由司法 的諸多特點所決定，在司法制度、訴訟制度中居於重要地位。司法親歷是司法人員身到與心到的統一、司法人員親歷與人證親自到庭的統一、審案與判案的統一，也是親歷過程與結果、實體與程序的統一。其基本要求是直接言詞審理、以庭審為中心、集中審理、裁判者不更換、事實認定出自法庭、審理者裁判、裁判者負責。司法親歷主要適用於普通程序特別是事實有爭議、被告人不認罪案件一審的庭審，其中事實認定是重中之重。司法親歷性要求改革完善人民法院審判委員會制度和人民檢察院辦案機制。

Judicial experience is the important principle of justice and important content of behavioral rule in judicial rule, which is determined by the many characteristics of justice and dominates in the judicial system and litigation system. Judicial experience is the unity of presence of body and presence of heart for judicial official, the unity of judicial official experience and attendance of witness, and the unity of substantial law and procedural law. The basic requirement is direct verbal trial, centering on court hearing, centralized trial, unchanged judge, fact finding from court, decision made by judge and responsibility of judge who makes a decision. Judicial experience is applicable to ordinary procedure, especially first instance that there is a dispute in facts or the defendant pleads not guilty, in which the fact finding is the most important. Judicial experience requires reform and perfection of the judicial committee system of the people's court and the handling mechanism of people's procuratorate.