論漢語切割句鬆散語意之衍生

Some Notes on Sloppy Identity in Mandarin Sluicing

本文依據漢語切割句鬆散語意的三種特性，來討論PF-刪除分析及pro 切割分析的適切性。我們發現，有完整結構呈現的PF-刪除分析，可以完全掌握前行語與代名詞之間的C-統制關係，並解釋前行語疑問詞和遺留疑問詞之間的詞彙一致性現象，但無法解釋為何「那－－效應」只允許嚴格語意的產生。相較之下，雖然pro 切割分析，可輕易地處理「那－－效應」，也可從「無擇約束」及「事件型空號代詞」的照應，詮釋鬆散語意之衍生，但是對於C-統制及詞彙一致性的問題，卻無法用其不平行的句法特質來解決。因此，我們根據Fiengo and May(1994)的句法平行要求，提出「修正的依存理論」（Modified Dependency Theory），規定鬆散語意的產生，必須藉由嚴謹的句法平行對稱才有可能；換言之，切割句的鬆散語意是一種句法平行的完整呈現，而非pro指涉的結果。

Based on the three essential properties of sloppy identity, including c-commanding, lexical identity between a wh-correlate and a wh-remnant, and the na ‘that’ effect, the PF-deletion analysis and the pro sluice analysis will be carefully surveyed to see which one is more tenable in explaining the sloppy identity issues in Mandarin sluicing. It is found that only the former with a full-fledged syntactic representation can capture the essence of sloppy identity, except for the strict-reading-only na-effect. Comparatively, although the pro sluice analysis can easily explain the na-effect and can seemingly account for sloppy identity via the unselective binding and the construal of the E-type pronoun, some theoretical problems still arise in the face of the other two traits. Thus, we propose that sloppy identity is regulated by a stricter version of the syntactic requirement between two conjuncts and can be interpreted in virtue of a modified Dependency Theory (Fiengo and May 1994). That is, sloppy identity is one manifestation of the syntactic parallelism deduced from the fully articulated syntactic structure rather than a result of pro construal. 本文依據漢語切割句鬆散語意的三種特性，來討論PF-刪除分析及pro 切割分析的適切性。我們發現，有完整結構呈現的PF-刪除分析，可以完全掌握前行語與代名詞之間的C-統制關係，並解釋前行語疑問詞和遺留疑問詞之間的詞彙一致性現象，但無法解釋為何「那－－效應」只允許嚴格語意的產生。相較之下，雖然pro 切割分析，可輕易地處理「那－－效應」，也可從「無擇約束」及「事件型空號代詞」的照應，詮釋鬆散語意之衍生，但是對於C-統制及詞彙一致性的問題，卻無法用其不平行的句法特質來解決。因此，我們根據Fiengo and May(1994)的句法平行要求，提出「修正的依存理論」（Modified Dependency Theory），規定鬆散語意的產生，必須藉由嚴謹的句法平行對稱才有可能；換言之，切割句的鬆散語意是一種句法平行的完整呈現，而非pro指涉的結果。