回流教育

Recurrent Education

「回流教育」這個名詞是於一九六九年由瑞典教育家巴莫首先提出，在一九七０年的「國際教育年」討論會中獲得確認。並且把「回流教育」視為是成人每隔一段時間，返回教育機構參與教育，成為在整個生涯中之教育與職業生活的輪替。在現代的社會教育中，成人教育成為很重要的一部分，目前世界上各進步國家都很重視成人教育，就是在國際組織方面也很重視，例如聯合國的科教文組織，歐洲的經濟合作開發組織，及其所屬的教育研究與改革中心等，莫不積極的提倡。因為成人在人力資源中占最重要的分量，對於經濟的發展，扮演著很重要的角色，是建設國家最有力與最有利的資本。成人處於知識爆炸的時代，如果過了很長一段時間不去學習，就會落伍，跟不上時代，於是終身學習（終身教育）便應運而生。學校本來就是教育人們的場所，它是知識與能力的提供與養成的地方，成人可以多加利用。回流教育就是利用這種優點來施教。這種職業與教育（或休閒、退休與教育）的輪替方式，有助於人們的充電！回流教育確認成人有學習的可能性與能力，他們可以再學習；學校可以提供良好的學習情境，讓成人從事有價值的教育活動，甚至提供良好的教育服務。於是成人與學校之間是相輔相成的，兩方面在為教育的理念與理想而奮鬥。另外，成人為需要與興趣而學習；學校則以鼓勵與愛心去教育。「回流教育」 (Recurrent Education)無論在終身學習，或成人教育方面，均是重要的一種教育，值得去探討。

'Recurrent Education' is named by Swedish educator Olof Palme. First presented in 1969, The meaning is 'returning to school for education at intervals'. This education is one part of adult education, The 'Recurrent Education' is so important in adult education, that most of the adult must educated. 'Recurrent Education 'and Permanent education, Continuing education, Lifelong education are the four important educations in adult education. The condition of 'Recurrent Education ' as mentioned, international organizations- 0ECD, UNESCO and EC(European Council) approved its functions and overspreaded everywhere. Since 1970 'International Year of Education' tookplace and discussed this education, was determined to devote to widen spread the world. This decision is useful and helpful for the adult. 'Recurrent Education' is helping each other between the adult and school. The adult 1earnens base on needs and interests; The school gives encouragement and service. 'Recurrent Education' includes the ten principies of educational systems in the future: 1. adaptabi1ity, 2. context, 3. diversity, 5. efficiency, 6. equality, 7. participation, 8. personalization, 9. quality, 10. unity; The six development goals in the future: 1. personal autonomy, 2. social competence, 3. ethiccal discretion, 4. creative capacity, 5. career proficiency, 6. intel1ective ponder. 'Recurrent Education'wi11 be more important in the future. We pay attention on adult education, we shall also pay attention on 'Recurrent Education'. Because this education for us is a new education. For all us worth to understand this education.