父母管教態度與國中生升學考試壓力感受之關係

The Relationship between Parental Rearing Attitudes and the Perceived Stress of JHSEE among Junior High School Students

本研究的主要目的即在探討子女知覺的父母管教態度對國中生升學考試壓力感受的影響，以立意取樣選取南部某國中三年級的學生為研究對象，總共回收了211份有效問卷。研究結果發現：母親管教態度中的「拒絕」、「期待」、「矛盾」，以及父親管教態度的「拒絕」、「期待」與國中三年級學生的壓力感受皆有顯著的正相關，而父親管教態度的「溺愛」與國中三年級學生的壓力感受有顯著的負相關；以線性結構模式進行路徑分析更顯示：特質焦慮為母親管教態度的「拒絕」以及父親管教態度的「期待」、「分歧」與子女壓力感受之間的中介變項。結果顯示子女知覺的父母負向管教態度，是通過型塑其焦慮人格，進而影響其日後的生活適應，如升學考試的壓力感受。中國傳統文化及變遷社會中各種價值體系的衝擊與融合，對父母管教態度及子女身心適應均有不容忽視之影響。

The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of parental rearing attitudes on the perceived stress of JHSEE (Joint High School Entrance Exam). Using purposive sampling, subjects were recruited from one junior high school in Kaohsiung. Two hundreds and eleven valid questionnaires were used in analyses. Results showed that the “rejection”, “expectation” and “inconsistency” attitudes in mothers as well as the “rejection” and “expectation” attitudes in fathers were positively correlated with the perceived stress of JHSEE. The “pampering” attitudes in fathers were negatively correlated with the perceived stress of JHSEE. Using structural modeling techniques, trait anxiety was found to mediate the impact of the “rejection” in mothers, “expectation” and “inconsistency” in fathers upon JHSEE stress. These results suggested that various parental rearing attitudes among other factors, may help to shape children’s trait anxiety, and through which influencing their later adjustment, such as their perceived stress of JHSEE.