工作壓力過程模式之驗證：臺灣基層農業推廣人員之分析

A Replication of Job Stress Process among Agricultural Extension Agents in Taiwan

近年來在研究工作壓力時，常將壓力、因應方式和壓力的後果三個概念間所呈現的關係，做整體性的因果關係考量，而有所謂工作壓力過程模式之產生，不過以往較少引入其他控制變項去探討此一壓力過程模式在不同的因素條件下概念間的關係是否一致。因此本研究引入工作壓力、因應行為和工作倦怠三個概念，一方面經由對於基層農業推廣人員工作壓力過程之研究，以驗證在台灣農業推廣體系中，工作壓力過程之適用性；另一方面嘗試探索在控制工作環境、個人因素（教育程度、年齡、工作年資等）之後，是否壓力過程模式依然存在。以結構方程模式分析的結果，工作壓力過程模式所呈現三個因素間的因果關係是明顯的，而不論在農會、公所，不論推廣員教育程度的高低，不論年齡大小，也不論工作資歷的深淺，這一模式的關係結構都是一樣的，證明了工作壓力過程模式得到複證。

The causal relationship among stress, coping behaviors, and burnout has currently been described as a sequential process in job stress studies and referred to as “stress process” in literature. Though this model is empirically verified in a great many studies, very limited efforts have been endeavored to reconfirm it by taking various factors (control variables) into account. This study tends to explore the existence of stress process within agricultural extension agents on one hand, and brings in some environmental factors and personal factors, such as education level, age, tenure years as control variables to test the replication of stress process on the other hand. The findings reveals that the stress process composed of causal relationship among job stress, coping behaviors, and burnout indeed exists in this population. A variety of structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses further substantiate this model by controlling respondent’s organization type, education level, age, and tenure year respectively.