護理人員代謝症候群盛行率及相關危險因子探討

Prevalence of and risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome among nurses

護理人員因輪班工作型態及工作繁重，是罹患代謝症候群高危險群，本研究以護理人員體檢生理數據及生活、工作型態問卷資料，調查護理人員罹患代謝症候群盛行率及探討基本特性、生活、工作型態與代謝症候群之相關性。方法：為橫斷性研究，對象為中部某醫學中心護理人員。研究工具為人員體檢生理指標及自填式問卷，回收1,129份有效問卷；其中代謝症候群定義以2007年國健署診斷標準為基準。結果：護理人員代謝症候群盛行率為5.0%。其相關危險因子包括：年齡(OR=1.11)、家族病史(OR=1.93)及目前有慢性病(OR=6.56)、行政護理人員(OR=5.22)、過去一年班別中為大夜(OR=14.15)、每周飲用含糖飲料88-175公克(OR=3.81)的護理人員易有代謝症候群風險；攝取低脂乳品類0-1杯／天較攝取1.5-2杯／天代謝症候群的風險減少68%(OR=0.32)。結論：護理人員的輪班型態、飲食行為與代謝症候群具相關性，建議醫院落實護理人員健康管理政策，追蹤體檢狀況，並對輪班型態進行檢討與修正；制定健康飲食方案與環境，改善護理人員飲食習慣。

Nurses are at an especially high risk for metabolic syndrome (MS) because of their heavy workload and frequent rotating shifts. We investigated nurses' annual physical check-up data and distributed questionnaires regarding lifestyle and work patterns in order to identify the relationship between prevalence of MS indicators and nurses' lifestyles. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, nurses from a medical center in central Taiwan were recruited and 1,129 completed this study. The diagnostic criteria for MS were set by the Bureau of Health Promotion, Taiwan. Results: The prevalence of MS was 5.0%. Older nurses (OR=1.11), and those with a family history of MS (OR=1.93), a history of chronic diseases (OR=6.56), administrative work (OR=5.22) or fixed nightshifts (OR=14.15) had a higher risk of MS. Those who drank beverages with 88-175 grams of sugar per week had a higher risk of MS than those who drank beverages without sugar (OR= 3.81), and those who consumed fewer dairy products (0-1 cups / day) compared with those who consumed more (1.5-2 cups / day) had a lower risk of MS (OR = 0.32). Conclusions: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was associated with the type of shift work and pattern of diet, especially the night shift, sugary beverages, and dairy products in nurses who rotated shifts. Implications for physical check-ups and health management, shift policy and the eating environment are emphasized in our study.