臨床護理人員社會支持、工作困境與健康狀態之相關性探討

The Correlation between Social Support, Work Dilemma, and Health Status of Clinical Nurses

本研究旨在建立社會支持、工作困境與健康狀態之相關性模式。利用橫斷式設計，以結構式問卷收集資料，包括臨床工作困境量表、社會支持量表、華人身心健康量表、台灣人憂鬱篩選問卷，研究對象為北部某區域教學醫院年資滿三個月的女性護理人員。共有430位人員完成問卷填寫，以14.0版SPSS統計程式分析收集資料，結果呈現：六個月以下的護理人員臨床工作困擾高、健康狀態差。以結構方程模式分析結果得知臨床護理人員的社會支持越高，工作困境越少；工作困境越高，健康狀態越差。進一步分析，發現社會支持中的主管支持、同事支持越高，工作困境越少；工作困境中的溝通信任困擾、人際關係困擾、工作壓力程度越高，健康狀態越差。本研究顯示促進社會支持及減輕工作困境對於護理人員極重要，因此建議單位主管能予以六個月以下的護理人員全力支持，以協助她們因應工作困境及促進其身心健康。The purposes of this cross-sectional study were to examine the relationships between social support, work dilemma and health status of clinical nurses, and to establish a model of social support, work dilemma and health status. Four hundred and thirty nurses who worked for more than 3 months in a regional teaching hospital in northern Taiwan completed the questionnaires, which included the Clinical Work Dilemma Questionnaire, the Social Support Questionnaire, the Chinese Health Questionnaire, and the Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire.Data were analyzed by 14.0 SPSS and SEM model. The results showed that clinical nurses who worked less than six months showed great work dilemma and poor health status. The SEM model showed that the higher social support for clinical nurses, the less work dilemma; the greater work dilemma, the poorer health status.The results suggested that providing social support and alleviating work dilemma were of primary importance, especially for the nurses working less than six months.