青少年早期社會關係與其心理健康、偏差行為、快樂感相關性之探討

A Correlational Study of Social Re1ationships, Mental Health, Deviant Behaviors, and Happiness among Young Adolescents

本研究目的在探討青少年早期社會關係與其心理健康、偏差行為、快樂感的相關性及相互之問的影響。本研究使用「台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫」第一波學生資料，係採多階段分層隨機取樣，共計20004名國中一年級學生參與。刪除不合理值及不合邏輯者，共計13978筆，乃原始資料70%的分析樣本。研究工具為「社會關係」、「心理健康」、「偏差行為」及「快樂感」等結構式問卷，採四分法計分。以次數分配、百分比、平均值及標準差、皮爾森積差相關及路徑分析進行資料分析。結果發現：青少年早期社會關係中的父母及師生關係，可以直接影響其心理健康、偏差行為及快樂感；亦可透過心理健康間接影響其偏差行為及快樂感，但社會關係中的同儕關係是不會透過心理健康影響其偏差行為。因此，需同時發展青少年早期正向的父母、同儕及師生關係，才可促進其心理健康，減少偏差行為，增加快樂感。建議未來社區護理人員及校護應積極加強宣導發展青少年早期正向父母、同儕及師生關係的重要性，並訂定相關的健康策略及護理措施，以促進青少年早期心理健康。臨床兒科護理人員應適時地提供父母親相關的親職教育。This article investigated the relationship among young adolescents' social relationships, mental health, deviant behaviors, and happiness. The first wave of junior high school student data sets from the Taiwan Education Panel Survey were utilized. The participants were selected by multiple-stage sampling. The final sample consisted of 13, 978 young adolescents who were 7th grade students. The measurements applied in the study included Social Relationship Scale, Mental Health Scale, Deviant Behaviors Scale and Happiness Scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation and pathway analysis. Major findings were as follows: The parent-child relationship in young adolescents' social relationships and teacher-student relationships can influence their mental health, deviant behaviors and happiness directly, and by influencing their mental health, also influence their deviant behavior and happiness indirectly. But the peer relationship in social relationships does not influence deviant behaviors through mental health. Findings show that simultaneous promotion of parent-child, peer, and teacher-student relationships can enhance young adolescents' mental health and happiness, and reduce their deviant behaviors. Future community nurses and school nurses should strengthen and develop positive parent-child, peer, teacher-student relationships, design adolescent health policy, and provide intervention for young adolescents' social relationship. In addition, pediatric nurses should offer parenting education to parents in appropriate moments.