社區失能老人居家支持服務需求之初探——以臺北市大安區失能老人為例

Home Based Community Care Needed in the Community for Disable Elderly: in the DaAn District ofTaipei City

本研究旨在瞭解臺北市大安區之社區失能老人對於居家支持服務的使用情形及需求，並進一步探討影響老 人使用服務之相關因素。研究樣本為居住於臺北市大安區的六十歲以上之失能老人，採立意抽樣的方式，由36 位訪視員於民國90年11-12月對樣本進行面對面的問卷訪視，共計蒐集了 410位有效樣本的資料。使用居家支持服務者為105位，未使用居家支持服務者為291位。研究發現身體功能障礙、認知功能障礙、社會補助、 教育程度、家庭月收入、與子女人數是老人使用居家支持服務照護的影響因子。年齡愈小及身體功能障礙程度愈嚴重之樣本，其接受居家支持服務的機會愈大。此經驗提供衛生機構制訂社區老人居家支持服務政策或方案之參考。The purposes of the research were to first investigate the need and usage of the care service needed in the community service provided to the disabled elderly living in Taipei City’s Da-An District area. Second, the factors affecting the usage of the care service are also discussed in this paper. The samples collected in this research were randomly selected citizens who were disabled elderly more than 60 years old living in the Da-An District in Taipei city on Dec., 2001. There was a sample size of 410 in total. After completing the questionaire, the number of cases who were using or not using assisted living service were 105 and 291 respectively. This research found that among determinants initially assumed most important in using or not using assisted living service to take care of disabled elders, the following proved statistically significant: the degree of physical and cognitive function disability and social subsidy. Other factors such as age, educational status, monthly income, and numbers of descendents also affect the decision to use assisted living service. On the other hand, elders who are younger, but with more serious physical and cognitive ftinction disability are more likely to use assisted living service. Thus, policy makers should work to plan a well-planned assisted living service aftercare system that not only maximizes its cost-effectiveness but also provides a whole care service, especially to those who are elderly, low income, without descendents, yet and fair physical and cognitive function group.