| 中文摘要 |
本研究目的主要探討臺南市養護性質機構之一般概況，以及住民中設籍臺南市者其生理、功能與心理社會之狀態調查，並分析以上狀態是否因機構立案與否有差異。研究者自行設計問卷並使用巴氏量表，訪查21家機構（其中18家未立案），取得390位住民資料。以SPSS軟體進行資料分析。結果顯示臺南市61.9%之養護性質機構在50床以下，28.6%未聘用護理人員，看護工受訓者僅4.8%；住民之人口特質在機構立案與否有顯著差異，立案機構中以男性、年紀較輕、未婚、教育程度高、並由公費支付費、原為獨居者人數較多，且居住日數較長。生理狀態發現未立案機構中留置骨管、尿管與氣切管人數比率為立案機構之10倍。功能狀態由巴氏量表平均得分差13分，顯示未立案機構住民需求的各項生活照顧皆多於立案機構住民；心理社會狀態以立案機構住民之意識狀態較佳、情緒困擾較少；問題行為出現的種類，則兩類機構住民並無差異。本研究結果，可做為輔導臺南市養護性質機構之參考；並可由住民之各項狀態，引導機構提供高品質之照護。The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of long-term care (LTC) facilities in Tainan city, and also, to assess the physiological, functional and psychosocial status of those who live in the facilities. A data collection tool combined with Barthel's Score was used to assess residents' status. The records of 390 residents were collected from 21 LTC facilities. Data were analyzed using the SPSS computer program. Results showed the characteristics of LTC facilities as follow: 85.7% were not licensed, 61.9% owned less than 50 beds, 28.6% did not hire nurse to serve residents, and only 4.8% of nurses aids were trained. Residents who were male, higher educated, younger, unmarried, living alone, or receieving gonerment financial support live more in licensed LTC facilities. Physiological status results showed the catheter-indwelling rate was 10 times higher in unlicensed LTC residents than those licensed LTC facilities. The difference of the mean of Barthel's Score was 13, revealed in functional status: unlicensed LTC residents need more help in activities of daily living. Psychosocial status showed there were no differences in the aspect of behavioral problems, but there did exist significant differences in emotional disturbance and conscious status between residents of two kinds of LTC facilities. Results of this study could be used to guide LTC facilities to develop quality care regards residents' status. |
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