比較住院老人自覺護理需要與護士認知之差異

Comparison ofthe care needs in hospitalized elderly patients' and nurses' perceptions

本研究是探討住院老人的護理需要及其影響因素，並比較老人與全責護士對護理需要認知的差異。本研究為橫斷性調查研究，採立意取樣，以臺北市兩家區域醫院年滿六十五歲的住院老人及照護老人滿兩天的全責護士為對象。研究工具為自擬的「住院老人護理需要評量表」，老人及護士各發出140份問卷，各回收有效問卷128份，有效回收率為91.42%。研究結果：（1）護理人員認知的老人護理需要得分介於中等需要和非常需要之間，高於住院老人自覺需要程度。（2）住院老人與護理人員的認知在「整體護理需要」、「身體護理」及「心理社會護理」上有顯著差異；住院老人與護理人員在重視「執行醫療活動」，護理人員比住院老人重視「出院準備」，但在統計上均無顯著差異。（3）住院老人自覺的護理需要與護理人員的認知，共有19項護理需要在統計上呈現顯著差異。（4）住院老人的依賴程度及居住狀況，對其自覺的身體護理需要之解釋變異量為23%。The purpose of this study was to explore the care needs of the hospitalized elderly and to compare the differences in perceptions of needs between the staff nurses and elderly patients. The convenience sample consisted of elderly patients who had been hospitalized and their nurses from two regional hospitals in Taipei. The Care Needs Scale, which was developed by the researchers, was used to assess the hospitalized elderly patients' care needs. Two hundred eighty questionnaires were sent out with a return rate of 91.4% (N=256). The major findings of this study were as follows: (1). The mean of the staff nurse's perceptions of the care needs of hospitalized elderly was higher than elderly patients' perceptions. (2). There were significant differences between staff nurse's and elderly patients' perceptions on overall care needs during hospitalization、physical care needs and psychosocial care needs. (3). There were significant differences between staff nurses and elderly patients perception of hospitalization care needs on 19 items. (4). The two factors which could predict the care needs of hospitalized elderly patients were the following: self care ability and living status.