探討精神分裂病患照顧者之知識和態度

The Study ofKnowledge and Attitude of Schizophrenic Patients' Caregivers

本研究目的在探討精神分裂病患主要照顧者對照顧病患的知識和態度及其影響因素。 本研究以立意取樣方式，從臺北市某療養院門診收案 120 位精神分裂病患之主要照顧者為對象，以調查訪談方式來蒐集資料。研究結果得知：（一）精神分裂病患照顧者之知識平均得分高於普通的程度，知識偏向正確；其態度平均得分高於中立意見以上，態度偏向正向。（二）病患有固定信仰、活性症狀及負性症狀不明顯、自我照顧能力佳、恢復程度好及照顧者為未婚、年輕、教育程度高、社會階層高、與病患關係為子女或媳婦、自覺有接受醫療人員提供照顧訊息、知道日間留院，其知識較正確。病患有工作、自我照顧能力愈佳、有病識感、活性症狀及負性症狀不明顯、恢復程度好及照顧者教育程度高、有固定信仰、社會階層高、沒有使用過日間留院、處在大或折衷家庭、家中的精神病患人數少的照顧者，其態度較正向。（三）可預測照顧者知識的重要變項為態度總分、有提供訊息者和知道日間留院等三項。態度的重要預測變項為知識總分、恢復程度、活性症狀和使用過日間留院等四項。（四）照顧者的知識和態度之間有強的正相關。The purpose of this study was to access the knowledge and attitude ofschizophrenic patients' caregivers toward caring for their patients. Throughpurposive sampling, one hundred and twenty schizophrenic patients' caregiverswere selected from the outpatient department of a psychiatric center in Taipei.Data on those caregivers were obtained from hospital charts and from structuredinterviews with caregivers.The results of the study revealed that : (1) The average scores of the knowledgeand attitude of caregivers were higher than that of the general population. (2)In patients with better knowledge and attitudes, the following variables weremost important good self-care ability, a higher recovery level, and fewersymptoms, both positive and negative. In caregivers with better knowledge andattitudes, the following variables were most important: higher educationalstatus, and higher socio-economic status. (3) The predictable variables of theknowledge were the attitude score, the existence of the information provider andthe awareness of the day treatment. The predictable variables of attitude werethe knowledge score, the recovery level, the positive symptoms and theexperience of the admission of the day treatment. (4) Knowledge and attitudewere strongly correlated.