高地耐力運動對人體氧化壓力的影響

Effects of high-altitude endurance exercise on human oxidative stress

目的：探討高地與平地之單次耐力運動，所造成氧化壓力之影響。方法：招募健康研究對象18位（男性10位及女性8位，年齡：20.3±0.4歲、身高：165.9±8.0公分與體重：59.5±12.0公斤）。藉由隨機交叉方式在高地與平地環境進行耐力運動時，分析其安靜（Pre）、運動後立即（Post）與運動後（10min、60min、120min與240min）的血漿生化指標。各項分析所得的數據均以平均數±標準誤表示。以重複量數雙因子（環境*時間）變異數分析考驗其差異程度，顯著性訂為p＜.05。結果：血比容（hematocrit，Hct）、乳酸（lactate）、尿酸（uric acid）與葡萄糖（glucose）濃度，環境主要效果達顯著差異；高地顯著高於平地環境（p＜.05）。高地耐力運動後血漿總蛋白、羰基蛋白（carbonyl proteins）、硫代巴比妥酸反應物（TBARS）與氮氧化物（NOx）濃度；超氧離子歧化酶（SOD）、麩胱甘肽過氧化酶（GPx）與過氧化氫酶（CAT）活性，與平地從事耐力運動相比並無顯著的差異（p>.05）。結論：急性高地（2,400m）耐力運動可能不會造成氧化壓力，但會增加代謝壓力。To compare the effects of high-altitude and sea-level acute endurance exercises on oxidative stress. Methods: Eighteen healthy subjects (10 men and 8 women, age: 20.3 ± 0.4 yrs, height: 165.9 ± 8.0 cm, weight: 59.5 ± 12.0 kg) were recruited and randomly assigned to high-altitude or sea-level environment for acute endurance exercise. Blood samples were collected at resting (Pre), post-exercise (Post), post-exercise 10 min, post-exercise 60 min, post-exercise 120 min, and post-exercise 240 min for analyzing the plasma biochemical indicators. All data were denoted by the mean ± standard error. Repeated measures two-way (environment * time) analysis of variance was adopted to test the mean differences. The level of significance was set at p < .05. Results: Environmental effects on hematocrit (Hct), lactate, uric acid and glucose concentrations were significantly higher at high altitude than those at sea level (p < .05). After endurance exercise in high-altitude environment, total plasma proteins, carbonyl proteins, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), nitrogen oxides concentrations (NOx), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) and catalase activity (CAT) were non-significantly different from those in sea-level environment (p >.05). Conclusion: Acute endurance exercise at high altitude (2,400 m) might not cause oxidative stress, but would increase metabolic stress.