運動熱情與主觀幸福感的關係：正向情緒的中介效果

The relationship between passion and subjective well-being in athletes: The mediating role of positive emotion

目的：本研究使用二元熱情模式探討選手的熱情、正向情緒與選手主觀幸福感的關係，並檢視正向情緒對選手熱情和主觀幸福感關係間的中介效果。方法：本研究參與者為國內大學的甲組運動校隊選手，共237名（男生154名，女生83名），平均年齡約為20歲。本研究採用問卷調查法，經受試者同意後，請選手填寫運動熱情量表、正向情緒量表和主觀幸福感量表。結果：本研究有兩個主要發現，第一，調和式熱情、強迫式熱情、正向情緒和主觀幸福感之間都呈現正相關，二元熱情之間也呈高度的正相關。第二，選手的兩種熱情都可以正向預測正向情緒和幸福感。以徑路分析檢驗正向情緒對選手的熱情和主觀幸福感之中介效果，結果顯示調和式熱情和強迫式熱情皆會透過正向情緒預測主觀幸福感。本研究結果與假設部分相符：強迫式熱情與正向情緒和主觀幸福感有正相關，且正向情緒中介強迫式熱情與主觀幸福感之關係與過去的研究不一致。本研究的兩個熱情相關程度很高，對於強迫式熱情也可以正向預測正向情緒和主觀幸福感的結果也不感到意外，但此一結果還有待未來研究去檢驗。結論：兩種熱情形式都能讓運動員在運動過程中經驗到正向情緒，並進一步提昇運動員的主觀幸福感。Purpose: The present research used the Dualistic Model of Passion to examine the relationship between passion, positive emotion and subjective well-being from athlete's perspectives. Moreover, in this study we were interested in understanding the mediating role of positive emotion between athlete's passion and subjective well-being. Methods: The participants were 237 athletes from collegiate team (154 males, 83 females) in Taipei. The average age was about 20 years old. With the participants' agreement, they completed self-administered questionnaires independently to indicate their level of passion, positive emotion and subjective well-being. Results: There were two main results in this study. First, there were positive correlation among harmonious passion, obsessive passion, positive emotion and subjective well-being, and a higher correlation was found between two types of passion. Second, both types of passion can positively predict positive emotion and subjective well-being independently; furthermore, the effects between passion and subjective well-being were fully mediated by positive emotion. Most findings in this study are coincident with previous researches, whereas the positive relationship between obsessive passion and positive emotion was different. Since the two types of passion are highly correlated, it is not surprise that obsessive passion may positively predict the positive emotion and subjective well-being. However, further testing is needed for the findings. Conclusions: two types passion is able to help athletes experience positive emotion within a sport context, and further enhance subjective well-being of athletes.