教練的轉型與交易領導及運動員的團隊承諾：內在動機的調節效果

The effects of coaches' transformational/transazational leadership and athletics' team commitment: the moderation effects of intrinsic moitvation

目的：探討教練的轉型與交易領導、運動員的內在動機與團隊承諾的關係。方法：以大專排球男女特優組運動員為研究對象（247人），測量知覺教練的轉型與交易領導、運動員內在動機、及團隊承諾。結果：顯示大部分的研究假設都獲得了支持。1、教練的轉型領導對情感承諾有正向的影響效果，對工具承諾有負向的影響效果。交易領導對情感承諾有負向的影響效果，對工具承諾有正向的影響效果。2、運動員的內在動機對情感承諾有正向的影響效果，對工具承諾有負向的影響效果。3、教練的轉型領導與交易領導對團隊承諾的影響關係，會因運動員的內在動機而有所不同，呈現交互作用的效果。本研究發現，教練的轉型領導行為可以有效地減少高內在動機的運動員之工具承諾，而交易領導行為則會明顯地增加高內在動機與低內在動機運動員的工具承諾。結論：本研究最後對教練的轉型與交易領導風格對於塑造運動員團隊承諾的影響提出討論與建議。Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of coaches' transformational and transactional leadership and athletes' intrinsic motivation on athletics' team commitment. According to the literature review, three hypotheses were proposed and tested. Methods: Participants were the best level volleyball team players (247) in Taiwan. Results: The study revealed that: (1) Coaches' transformational leadership was significant predicted athletic affective and instrumental commitment, (2) Coaches' transactional leadership was predicted athletic instrumental commitment, (3) athletes' intrinsic motivation was significant predicted affective and instrumental commitment, (4) the effects of coaches' transformational and transactional leadership on instrumental commitment were depended on athletes' intrinsic motivation. Conclusion: The results were discussing and suggesting for future study and applications.