射箭選手競賽成績之探索性分析

Exploratory analysis of the competing scores for archers

目的：本研究探討十組射箭選手競賽成績的表現情形，以及競賽成績是否會因競賽距離不同而有所差異。方法：本研究對象為參加2006年全國總統盃射箭錦標賽的十組射箭選手總計610人。本研究以相關分析和重複測量分析，探討競賽成績的分佈情形、相關性與差異性，以檢定競賽距離是否為影響射箭選手競賽成績的重要因子。結果：本研究發現十組射箭選手總成績係呈現負偏斜且低峰態分佈，而各種競賽距離成績之標準差皆隨著競賽距離縮短而減少，且其平均數皆隨著競賽距離縮短而增大。而在各組射箭選手中，競賽成績差異程度最大者為小學生。在各組優勝者中，脫靶記錄幾乎是零次，而且排名愈前面者大致上射中10分（內10分）箭的總數愈多。再者，不論是社會人士、大專生、高中生、國中生或是小學生，不論是男生或女生，射箭選手在不同的競賽距離之下，競賽成績均值確實有別。整體而言，當競賽距離的差距增大時，各競賽距離之競賽成績間的相關性遞減，但其均值差異性遞增。結論：在顯著水準α＝.01下，各種競賽距離成績之間具高度顯著相關性與差異性，其線性正相關性隨著競賽距離的差距增大而遞減，其均值差異性隨著競賽距離的差距增加而增大，驗證競賽距離是影響射箭選手競賽成績的重要因子。Purpose: This study intended to explore the competing scores performance of ten groups archers, and to test whether or not the competing scores differed because of the dissimilarity of competing distance. Method: The subjects were 610 archers divided into ten groups who participated in 2006 President's Cup of archery tournament. The correlation analysis and repeated-measures analysis were used to explore the distribution, the correlation, and the difference of the competing scores in order to test whether or not competing distance was the main affecting factor of competing score. Results: The study discovered that the whole game competing scores of ten groups archers showed the negative skewness and platykurtic distribution. As competing distance was getting shorter, the standard deviations of scores were smaller and the means of scores were bigger. Among ten groups shooters, the scores of primary school student got the biggest variation. Among champions of ten groups, the record of missing target was almost zero, and the better the ranking order of champions, the more they got 10 or inner 10 score in total. Moreover, there was neither social persons, college students, high school students, secondary school students, nor primary school students, male nor female, the means of different competing distance differed indeed. In general, as the dissimilarity of competing distance enlarged, the linear positive correlation was getting weaker, and the difference between means was getting bigger. Conclusion: The competing scores between different competing distance correlated highly and their means differed at the 1% significance level. As the dissimilarity of competing distance enlarged, the linear positive correlation was getting weaker, and the difference between means was getting bigger. Thus, competing distance was the main affecting factor of the competing scores for archers.