鉛球旋轉投擲技術之力學分析－－個案研究

The Biomechanical Analysis of Rotational Shotput Technique

本研究的目的：藉由運動生物力學之3D攝影分析法，分析國內兩位使用旋轉式鉛球投擲技術的男性選手，並且將其運動學參數和世界級選手做比較。方法：使用3D攝影分析，兩台Redlake高速數位攝影機（125Hz）同步截取記錄鉛球選手的三維投擲動作資料。所得的影像資料由Kwon3D 3.0動作分析系統進行直間線性轉換（DLT）與各運動學參數的運算。結果：S1和S2的鉛球速度比世界級選手較小；S2的髖－肩角度差均比S1較大；S2有比S1較大的下肢轉矩和身體轉矩；S2的鉛球運行長度比S1較長；S1和S2在右腳支撐時，其鉛球速度改變比世界級選手較小。建議：S1和S2須從旋轉中獲取其優勢及利益，如預先加速、利用髖軸和肩軸之間的扭轉使肌肉預先伸展以及由旋轉動作得到較長的鉛球運行長度等。The purposes of this study were: 1) to analyze performances of two male shot-putters who use the rotational technique in Taiwan. 2) to compare them with world-level shot-putters. Three-dimensional analysis method was used. Two Redlake high-speed digital cameras (125Hz) were gen-locked to record the three-dimensional shot put motions. The images were digitized by KWON 3D motion analysis system. The shot velocities of subject1 (S1) and subject2 (S2) were much lower than the two world-level shot-putters' at several important key motions during the shot putting. S2 had a larger hip-shoulder angle differences than S1. S2 had a larger toque of lower limb and whole body than S1. S2 had a longer shot path length than S1. S1 and S2 had smaller velocity changes than the world-level shot-putters' at the right foot support phase. S1 and S2 had to gain the benefits from the rotation, such as pre-accelerating and maintaining the shot velocity, utilizing the muscle pre-extension from the twist between hip axis and shoulder axis, and the longer path length of the shot.