唾液採樣法對唾液免疫球蛋白A、總蛋白質、澱粉酶和皮質固醇濃度的影響

The Effect of Different Saliva Collection Methods on Concentrations of Unstimulated Salivary Iga, Total Protein, Amyluse, and Cortisol

"唾液含有抗體、賀爾蒙和蛋白質，所以被廣泛的運用於運動科學和免疫學等領域。然而至今仍少有比較不同唾液採樣法對生物標記濃度影響之研究。因此，本研究之目的在探討：1、不同的唾液量對棉棒採樣法之採集效率、唾液免疫球蛋白A、總蛋白質、澱粉酶和皮質固醇濃度的影響。2、不同之唾液採樣法對上述唾液生物標記濃度及唾液流量評估的影響。八位（年齡為29.1±2.9歲；體重為74.2±1.3公斤）和十二位（年齡為28.3±2.1歲；體重為74.6±1.7公斤）男性健康受試者分別志願參與實驗一和實驗二。實驗一：受試者滴淌未刺激唾液15mL，這些唾液被分為4、3、2、1、0.7、0.4、0.2mL和控制組以探討本文之目的一。實驗二：受試者以平衡次序法完成三個兩分鐘的未刺激唾液採集以探討本文之目的二。結果顯示﹔1、Salivette棉棒在唾液量介於2－3mL時飽和，而此一範圍恰為收集唾液之最佳效率區。2、唾液免疫球蛋白A、總蛋白質、澱粉酶和皮質固醇濃度明顯受到Salivette棉棒的影響，其影響程度與唾液分泌量無關且呈不規則變化。結論：棉棒採樣法會影響唾液免疫球蛋白A、唾液總蛋白質、唾液澱粉酶和唾液皮質固醇的測定結果；回顧以往採用此種棉棒採樣法之研究，其結果可能受到影響而須重新檢視。There are many antibodies, hormones and proteins in saliva; therefore, saliva has been used for researches and diagnosis in exercise sciences and immunology. However, there have only been few studies inspecting if this collection method affects the concentrations of salivary biomarkers. Purpose: (1) determine the effects of different salivary volumes on collection efficiency and on the levels of salivary IgA (s-IgA), total protein, amylase, and cortisol using the Salivette swab collection method; and (2) investigate the influence of different methods of saliva collection on the levels of the above salivary biomarkers, and on the estimation of saliva flow rate. Methods: Eight healthy men (mean ± SEM: age 29.1 ± 2.9 yr; body mass 74.2 ± 1.3 kg) and twelve healthy men (age 28.3 ± 2.1 yr; body mass 74.6 ± 1.7 kg) volunteered to participate in Study 1 and Study 2, respectively. In Study 1, subjects were asked to produce 15 mL of unstimulated saliva by dribbling into a tube over a 20-30 minute period. The samples then were divided into the following volumes: 4mL, 3mL, 2mL, 1mL, 0.7mL, 0.4mL, 0.2mL, and control (~3mL) for inspecting purpose (1). In Study 2, subjects completed three 2-minute unstimulated saliva sample collection periods in counterbalanced order for inspecting purpose (2). Results: (1) Salivette swab became saturated between the saliva volumes of 2 mL and 3 mL, and this range also produced the best efficiency for collecting saliva samples; (2) the levels of sIgA, s-total protein, s-amylase and s-cortisol, were all significantly affected by the presence of the Salivette swab; and there was no relation and regular changes between the effect and saliva secretion volume. Conclusion: Our findings showed that the swab collection method significantly affects the results of salivary IgA, total protein, amylase and cortisol. With regard to previously reported studies in which swabs were used to collect saliva, our findings suggest that the results of such studies may be compromised and need to be reconsidered. "