大專院校體育主管領導風格與領導效能關係之研究

The Relationship Between Leadership Style and Leadership Effectiveness of Collegiate Athletic Department Heads

本研究之目的係探究我國大專院校體育教師所知覺體育室（組）主管領導風格與其領導效能間之關係。本研究以我國大專院校專任體育教師為研究對象，以「多元因素領導問卷（MLQ）」為研究工具進行問卷調查，共抽取53所大專院校，問卷共寄發779份，有效回收358份；經由問卷所蒐集到之初級資料，根據本研究之目的，分別以描述統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、複相關以及階層迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析與討論。本研究結論如下：ㄧ、領導風格中運用轉型領導高於交易領導，而放任領導最少；而體育教師所知覺的體育主管有中高程度之領導效能。二、不同背景變項之體育教師所知覺體育室（組）主管領導風格有顯著差異，其中在性別、職級、年齡、服務年資、婚姻、兼任行政業務與擔任教練工作等有顯著差異存在。三、領導風格與其領導效能間有顯著相關，在轉型領導各構面及交易領導中「權變報酬」、「被動例外管理」兩構面與領導效能各構面皆有中高程度之正相關，而放任領導則與領導效能各構面成負相關。四、運用不同領導策略對其領導效能有不同影響，交易領導各構面能有效預測領導效能，但在加入轉型領導構面後，有相當程度擴大了領導效能的解釋力。本研究建議主管在領導實務上有效運用不同領導策略可獲得最佳之領導效能，未來研究可針對不同研究對象及增加研究變項，探討轉型領導在不同體育與運動組織之影響力。The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the leadership style and leadership effectiveness of collegiate athletic department heads according to Bass's transformational leadership theory. Firstly, the awareness of collegiate athletic department heads leadership style differentiated by individual variables of physical education teachers was analyzed. Secondly, the relationships between collegiate athletic department heads' leadership style and leadership effectiveness were investigated. Furthermore, the influence of collegiate athletic heads leadership on leadership effectiveness was examined. The subjects were physical education teachers, who were randomly selected from 53 colleges/universities. The instrument was the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire(MLQ). A total of 779 questionnaires were completed, of which 358 and 358 questionnaires were valid. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation, multipe correlation and hierarchical regression analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. Among the three leadership styles, the athletic directors utilized/possessed more transformational leadership style, followed by transactional leadership and laissez-faire leadership; while the physical education teachers in college considered that the athletic directors' had middle/high leadership effectiveness. 2. There were significant differences in awareness of athletic directors' leadership styles among physical education teachers between several. 3. Significant relations hips were found between athletic directors' leadership style and leadership effectiveness. 4. Various leadership styles influenced leadership effectiveness to different degrees.