大學生運動傷害之分佈與再度傷害之危險因子

The Distribution of Sports Injury and Re-injury Factors among College Students

在台灣隨著運動與休閒活動的逐漸風行，運動傷害的數目愈趨增加，特別是在大學校園裡。受傷的學生們通常都是尋求傳統的中醫治療，或基本上完全不理會。這樣的態度常常導致原本受傷的情況更加惡化，因此而造成長期性的傷害。本研究的目的是探討有關運動傷害之分佈與再度傷害之危險因子。這份研究收集了359人的運動傷害事件。踝關節是受傷最為普遍的部位，佔所有傷害的37.88﹪，接著是膝關節、肩關節、下腰等。研究資料發現大部的受傷時機發生在練習的時候。而當受傷時，多數學生（46.76％）傾向尋求中國傳統醫療。在所有的傷害事件中有99人是屬於再度受傷，特別是第一次膝關節受傷者，發生再度傷害的情況最多。本研究顯示第一次受傷接受西醫療法者，比不接受無任何治療者有較低的再度受傷機會，其次為中醫。不同身體接觸程度的運動在本研究中，對發生傷害的機率並無顯著影響，這有可能是因為追蹤時間太短，樣本數太少，或是傷害時機大部發生在練習的時候所致。由於本研究僅收集一年之受傷資料，對運動傷害的可能原因仍無法給予一個全面的結論，將來需要更長時間的資料累積，來進一步對這些傷害及再度傷害可能原因做推論。With the growing popularity of sports and recreational activities in Taiwan, there are increasing numbers of sports injuries, especially at the college level. These injuries include joint sprains, muscle strains or teas, bone fractures, contusions and others. Injured students usually sought treatment from traditional Chinese Medical practitioners or waited for the injured body part to recover on its own. Often, this type of attitude leads to a worsening of the original injury, and the problem becomes chronic. However, school personnel do not seem to realize the increasing problem with sports injuries, and those injury risk factors were seldom investigated. The purposes of this paper were to conduct a prospective study and then, to evaluate the factors that may be related to sports injury, sort out different types of injuries, and deter mine, the incidence of injuries and re-injuries. A total of 359 injuries were evaluated in the study, and 273 injuries (76.2%) happened to male students. The ankle was the most commonly injured region (37.88%), followed by the knee, shoulder and lower back. Our data also found that most of injuries happened during practice and students tended to seek traditional Chinese medicine treatments once they were injured rather than seeking western medical care. Ninety-nine injuries students experienced re-injuries. Those who had knee injuries carried a 2.1 times (95% C.I. 1.22-3.84) higher re-injury risk than the rest. Those who received medical treatment had 0.32 times higher re-injury risk than those who did not receive any treatment. The re-injury rate did not show notable influence by baseline factors at the first injury, such as age, gender, weight, height, injury time, different levels of body contact from different sports. This may be due to small sample size, or injuries occurred the most during practicing hours, and only one-year short-term follow-up in this study. Further investigation is needed in order to collect more injury and re-injury data for a longer period to give a full conclusion for injury and risk factors.