臺灣與中國大陸產吳茱萸及其同屬植物之活性成分Dehydroevodiamine, evodiamine, rutaecarpine及synephrine的含量比較

DETERMINATION OF DEHYDROEVODIAMINE, EVODIAMINE, RUTAECARPINE AND SYNEPHRINE IN EVODIA GENUS PLANTS FROM TAIWAN AND MAINLAND CHINA

中藥吳茱萸為芸香科（Rutaceae） 植物吳茱萸Evodia rutaecarpa （Juss.） Benth. 之未成熟乾燥果實，為我國傳統常用藥物之一。神農本草經將吳茱萸列為草部中品，可治胃痛、頭痛、腹痛、痢疾、產後出血及停經等疾病，現代藥理學研究發現其活性成分dehydroevodiamine （I） ，evodiamine （II） ，rutaecarpine （III） 有降血壓、抗心律不整、刺激內皮細胞及抑制巨噬細胞釋放一氧化氮之作用，而synephrine （IV） 具有升血壓之作用。本研究之目的在利用高效液相層析法，對台灣與中國大陸產吳茱萸及台灣產同屬植物賊仔樹Tetradium glabrifolium （Champ. ex Benth.）T. Hartley 果實中上述四種活性成分含量之異同研究。本實驗是使用HP-1100 高效液相層析儀系統：分離管柱為C18 （Reversed-phase C18 column ） ，移動相選擇acetonitrile, water, sodium dodecyl sulfate, orthophosphoric acid solution （85%） 的混合緩衝液，以線性梯度程式沖提，流速為1ml/min, 以 UV 270 nm 波長偵測。經上述方法分析結果，四種成分在中國大陸產吳茱萸中之含量分別：I 為3.00 ± 0.06 mg/g ，II 為3.39 ± 0.18 mg/g ，III 為4.02 ± 0.30 mg/g ; 台灣產吳茱萸中之含量：I 為1.02 ± 0.06 mg/g ，II 為0.40 ± 0.01mg/g, III 為 0.69 ± 0.03 mg/g ；同屬植物賊仔樹果實中之含量為：I 為0.76 ± 0.13mg/g, II 為1.79 ± 0.37 mg/g , III 為 0.92 ± 0.19 mg/g , 而IV 為 0.62 ± 0.06 mg/g 僅在中國大陸產吳茱萸中發現。Wu-Chu-Yu, the unriped fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth., is a commonly used Chinese herbal drug, which has been classified as “middle class” in Shen-Nong-Ben-Cao-Jing and for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, headache, abdominal pain, dysentery, postpartum hemorrhage and amenorrhea. We found that three alkaloids, dehydroevodiamine (I ), evodiamine (II ), and rutaecarpine (III ), obtained from Wu-Chu-Yu, possess hypotensive and antiarrhythmic effects, stimulated endothelial cells and inhibit ed macrophages nitric oxide release. While, another bioactive compound, synephrine (IV ), possess hypertensive effect. In this study, a high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for simultaneous determination of these four components in Evodia rutaecarpa and Evodia meliaefolia obtained from mainland China and Taiwan. The analysis was made by using a gradient elution with a mobile phase solution of acetonitrile, water, sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), orthophosphoric acid (85%) on a C18 column (Reversedphase C18 column ), the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, and detect ed by UV (270 nm) . The results demonstrated that 3.00 ± 0.06 mg/g of I , 3.39 ± 0.18 mg/g of II , 4.02 ± 0.30 mg/g of III were contained in Evodia rutaecarpa obtained from mainland China; 1.02 ± 0.06 mg/g of I , 0.40 ± 0.01 mg/g of II , 0.69 ± 0.03 mg/g of III and 0.76 ± 0.13 mg/g of I , 1.79 ± 0.37 mg/g of II , 0.92 ± 0.19 mg/g of III were contained in Evodia rutaecarpa obtained from Taiwan. and Evodia meliaefolia obtained from Taiwan respectively. While, synephrine (0.62 ± 0.06 mg/g ) was only detected in Evodia rutaecarpa obtained from mainland China.