東日本大震災後亞洲主要國家經貿情勢之探討與啟示

2011年東日本大地震重創日本東北地區，除了日本本國受災造成需求面下滑影響之外，位居全球製造業供應鏈核心的日本製造業，其生產面受到震災及核災的影響而中斷，引發全球供應鏈動盪，東亞國家亦無法倖免，其中以電子產業首當其衝。為評估地震對東亞國家經濟、產業與供應鏈之影響，本研究首先說明大地震對日本經濟與產業之可能影響，其次探究東亞國家與日本貿易概況，並深入檢視對中國大陸、南韓與東協4國，以及對台灣的衝擊及因應對策，最後提出結論與建議。本研究認為台灣應透過既有的科專機制，強化關鍵材料的國際化，並協助台商積極打入國際品牌，尤其是日商品牌的供應鏈；同時加強對日本下游產業的招商，協助台日企業合作進軍新興市場。本文雖存在時間落差，但已用現在的時間點描述政策的執行情況，且資料蒐集完整、分析內容與方向正確，仍具參考價值。

The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake wreaked great damage in the northeastern region of Japan. In addition to its depressing effect on domestic demand, the quake and ensuing nuclear disaster also affected and disrupted production. And because of the core role that Japan’s manufacturers play in global manufacturing supply chains, its impact was felt heavily in disruptions to those supply chains. East Asian countries were unavoidably caught up in the impact, with their electronics industries affected most heavily. In order to evaluate the impact of the earthquake on East Asian countries’ economies, industries and supply chains, this study first explains its possible effects on Japan’s economy and industry, then examines the situation of trade between Japan and East Asian countries, and follows with an in-depth assessment of the disaster’s effects on, and the responsive policies of, mainland China, Korea, the ASEAN 4, and Taiwan. The final part of the study presents conclusions and suggestions. It is suggested that Taiwan should use existing S&T project mechanisms to strengthen internationalization in respect of key materials, and to help Taiwanese firms actively gain a foothold in international brands, particularly in the supply chains of Japanese brands. At the same time, Taiwan should strengthen efforts to attract investment by downstream Japanese firms, to help Taiwanese and Japanese firms collaborate to penetrate emerging markets.