日本江戶醫家訓釋「傷寒論」之研究

Textual Studies on the Shang Han Lun (on Cold Damage) by Japanese Scholars of the Edo Period

日本江戶時期(1604-1868)醫家研究《傷寒論》蔚然成風，湧現出許多造詣精深的學者，在《傷寒論》的文字解釋、校勘和名物考據等方面取得了巨大的成就，對於正確理解《傷寒論》的內容具有很高的價值。江戶學者的研究成果，對現代日本漢方醫學的形成和發展產生了極大影響。日本學者運用清代文字學、音韻學研究成果，表現出強烈的求實精神，對《傷寒論》中某些被中國醫家視為無須解釋的問題，他們卻饒有興趣地深入探討。在這一時期，中國的《傷寒論》研究者大多忽視語言文字的正解詮釋，而著力於從《傷寒論》原文中刪除王叔和增入的內容。日本學者的成果恰好彌補了這一時期中國醫家的不足。

In the Edo period (1604-1868) of Japan, the study of the Shang Han Lun (”On Cold Damage”), writ- ten by Zhang Ji in the 2nd century A.D. and constituting China's first comprehensive systematized treatise on febrile disease, became common practice in the field of medicine. The contributions to the study of Shang Han Lun by number of accomplished scholars investigating such aspects as the explanation and collation of characters, and textual criticism of names and descriptions, had considerable influence on the development of traditional Chinese medicine in modern Japan, and to this day are useful to our understanding of this classic. The Japanese scholars examined the achievements of phonology of the Qing Dynasty with great interest and realism and applied them to some of the problems presented by the Shang Han Lun that Chinese scholars had not explained. At this time, most of the Chinese scholars studying this text ignored language and characters of the explanatory notes and concentrated on rejecting the contents added by Wang Shuhe. The Japanese contributions precisely remedied these detects.