虎耳草之生藥學及抗菌活性研究

The Pharmacognostical and Antibacterial Activity Studies on ＂Hu-Er-Cao＂

虎耳草為臺灣民間常用生藥，被用治急慢性耳疾。有關虎耳草之基源，依佐佐木，甘，許等人之調查，認為系虎耳草科植物Saxijraga stolonifera MEERH。（虎耳草）的全草或地上部份。然尚未證實，而經由筆者們之市場調查，發現有同名異物品存在，基源混亂。為究明虎耳草之基源，評估虎耳草之抗菌作用與療效，而從事組織學、薄層色層分析的研究，以究明其基源，並檢試其對常見急性外耳道炎和慢性中耳炎致病菌革蘭氏陽性菌4種及革蘭氏陰性菌10種之抗菌力試驗。經由生藥組組織學及薄層色層層析法的研究，證實臺灣民間藥虎耳草的基源為S. stolonifera MEERB。及唇形科植物之Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) BENTH。（廣藿香）的地上部份，而兩種生藥之葉汁對14種常見急性外耳道炎和慢性中耳炎致病菌之抗菌力研究，結果顯示虎耳草幾無抗菌力，而廣藿香之抗菌力較虎耳草好，雖抗菌範圍並不廣，但能抑制金黃色葡萄球菌，白色葡萄球菌及枯草桿菌之生長。

”Hu-er-cao” is one of famous folk medicines in Taiwan for acute and chronic ear diseases According to an investigation in Taiwan market, it is found that ”Hu-er-cao” derived from two different plants species at present. In the morphological, histological and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) studies, the results show that the correct origin of ”Hu-er-cao” is the entire plant or aerial part of Saxifraga stolonifera M(subscript EERB)., and the other substitute named ”Guang-huò-xiáng” is the stem and leaves of Pogostemon cablin (B(subscript LANCO)) B(subscript ENTH). In vitro studies on the antibacterial activity of both plants reveal that ”Hu-er-cao” has hardly any inhibitory effect on the common 14 bacteria species of acute otitis externa and chronic otitis media; but ”Guang-huò-xiáng” has inhbiitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis, etc.