社區精神病患之主要照顧者被病患身體攻擊後的反應

Primary Caregivers’Reactions after Being Assaulted by Patients with Mental Disorders in Community

本研究之目的為探討在社區中的精神病患之主要者被病患身體攻擊後的反應。以立意取樣在高雄市某精神專科醫院門診，選取診斷為精神分裂症和情感性疾患曾遭受攻擊之主要者236人為研究對象，以遭受身體攻擊反應量表及自擬問卷，在門診進行個別訪談收集資料。研究結果發現：236位研究對象中，自病人生病以來曾遭受到身體攻擊佔44.1%，21.2%在最近一年曾遭受到身體攻擊，10.2%在最近一個月曾遭受身體攻擊。常被攻擊的部位以手腳佔多數，遭受身體攻擊的原因以病患的要求未被滿足（96.1%）最多，其次為發生爭吵、意見不合（47.1%），第三為病患受到精神症狀干擾（44.2%）。主要照顧者遭病患身體攻擊後之生物生理學、認知與社交反應的標准化平均得分為38分，屬輕度反應，情緒反應為52分，屬中度之反應。研究也發現與病患為親子關係或主要照顧者為女性，其遭身體攻擊後之情緒反應得分顯著較高。本研究結果可作為精神科護理人員提供精神病患家屬護理指導與居家服務工作之參考。

The purpose of this study as to explore the reactions of primary caregivers how ere assaulted by patients of schizophrenia and affect the disorder in the local community. Purposive sampling as used for data collection. 236 primary caregivers w ho had been assaulted by patients of schizophrenia and affective disorder ere recruited for this study. Data ere collected using “Assault Responses Questionnaire-ARQ” and individual interview The results revealed that 44.1% of the primary caregivers had been assaulted since onset of mental illness in the patients, 21.2% of the participants had been assaulted during the previous year, and 10.2% of them had been assaulted during the precious month. The assaults ere most frequently directed at caregivers legs and arms. 96.1% of the physical assaults ere triggered by the patient's reaction to not having his or her needs met, 47.1% of the assaults stemmed from arguments, and 44.2% of them occurred while the patient exhibited symptoms of psychosis. The primary caregiver’s biophysiological, cognitive and social responses to being assaulted by patients were at mild level, and that of in emotional responses ere at medium level. The most negative emotional responses ere seen in parent-child relationships in which the parent as the caregiver. Moreover, female caregivers were more likely to have a negative emotional response to assault. The results of this study can be used as a reference for psychiatric home care in the community.