加護病房護理人員對職業危害的擔心程度與因應策略之探討

The Level of Worry and Coping Strategies as Occupation Hazards among Intensive Care Unit Nurses

本研究目的旨在探討加護病房護理人員職業危害發生經驗之情形，以及對職業危害發生的擔心程度與因應策略。針對東部地區某醫院147位加護病房護理人員進行問卷調查。結果顯示：加護病房護理人員職業危害發生經驗以「心理社會性因子」排列第一；擔心程度方面以「生物與物理性危害」的擔心程度得分最高。另外，研究對象主要以「問題導向」之正向因應策略使用頻率最高；而職業危害經驗與擔心程度兩者呈現正相關（r=.548），職業危害經驗與情緒導向之因應策略使用頻率亦呈正相關（r=.438），研究者推測工作壓力大可能和負向壓力反應及負向壓力因應策略有關係。本研究成果可提供提升加護病房護理人員健康與生活品質之參考，也提供加護病房中職業危害處置上的參考，促進護理人員學習正向的因應策略，進而降低對職業危害發生時之擔心程度。

The purpose of this study was to try and understand the possible occupation hazards, the level of worry and the coping strategies among intensive care unit (ICU) nursing staff in eastern Taiwan. Questionnaires were used to collect data from 147 ICU nurses. The results showed that their primary experience among intensive care unit nurses of perceived occupational hazards was <||>psychological societal factors<||>, and the highest level of worry was associated with <||>biological and physical hazards<||>. In addition, in terms of coping strategies, <||>problem focused coping<||> was the most common method used by ICU nursing staff. There was a positive correlation between the perceived occupational hazards and level of worry about occupation hazards(r=.548). Furthermore, the presence of perceived occupational hazards and the frequency of use of a coping strategy were also positively correlated(r=.438). The researcher extrapolated from these findings that work stress was related to the presence of negative responses among nurses and that coping strategies were related to the level of stress. The results provide a reference point that should allow improvement to the health and quality of life quality of ICU nurses through management of the occupation hazards in the intensive care unit. In addition, the results suggest that the use of a positive coping strategy by nursing staff to minimize stress should be encouraged in order to reduce any harm to staff and the level of worry felt by the staff.