營養篩檢工具在臨床護理的應用

The Application of Nutritional Screening Tools in Nursing Practice

營養不良是醫院常見的問題，住院病患的營養狀況，會影響疾病的復原、住院日數及術後的併發症，甚而增加病人的死亡率。營養照護是護理人員提供病患整體性照顧的一部份，本文除了釐清營養篩檢（nutritional screening）與營養評估（nutritional assessment）之定義外，並介紹營養不良通用篩檢工具（malnutrition universal screening tool, MUST）和入院營養篩檢工具（admission nutrition screening tool, ANST）。目的是希望護理人員能即早發現具營養不良風險的病人，適時轉知相關人員，並提供合宜的營養介入措施，以促進疾病的復原並提升病患的照顧品質。

Malnutrition is the common problem in hospital, the nutritional status of hospitalized patients will affect the disease recovery, length of stay, surgery complications, and even increasing the death rate. Nutritional care is one part of holistic nursing care, this article would like to present the difference between nutritional screening and nutritional assessment, as well as introduce malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) and admission nutrition screening tool (ANST). Hopefully, this article will assistant nurses to detect the adult patients in the status of malnutritional risk earlier in order to provide appropriate nutritional intervention to promote disease recover and improve the quality of patient care.