氣喘學齡兒在校發病之經驗歷程

Experiences of School-age Children Suffering from Asthma

氣喘是一種即刻會危及生命的一種疾症，尤其在學齡期兒童由於接觸外界過敏源的機率增高，易引起疾病的發作，另值得特別注意的，為其年齡層對生命的了解及死亡的意義已逐漸了解，故往往在疾病發作時及發作後，對他們幼小的心靈裡深埋著無限的恐懼及害怕，甚至認為和其他同儕不同，而造成退化性行為及人際關係不佳的情形發生。本研究運用焦點團體研究法收集其學齡其兒童在發病時之經驗歷程，在將其內容打成逐字稿，共兩篇，並經由Colaizzi的資料分析法萃取出其文字內所透入出的意義，發現學齡期兒童在發病時的經驗歷程中呈現有（1）氣喘發作時的感受（2）生活品質的影響。本研究期使護理人員能了解學齡期兒童在校發生氣喘時無助及無奈的處境，極需我們提供心理上的 支持及居家照護不斷的追蹤，以協助他們走出不愉快的童年。

Asthma is an acute disease, especially amongst school-age children, as they come into contact with allergy sources very easily. School-age children begin to realize the meaning of life and death and are susceptible to fear if they become ill (especially with a disease such as asthma). Such children will notice the difference between themselves and their peer group. This research used the focus group method to collect data regarding the experiences of school-age children suffering from asthma and the process undergone when an asthma attack occurs at school. The results were used to form two reports. Colaizzi’s data analysis method was used to extract information and meaning from the words used in the reports. We found that two messages were apparent: (1) The feelings experienced when an asthma attack occurs; (2) The infl uence that suffering from asthma has on quality of life. We expect that all nursing staff realize that school-age children are afraid and need help when they have an asthma attack at school. They need emotional support and continuous monitoring to help them to overcome the effects asthma can have upon their childhood.