臨床心理學在臺灣復健醫療領域之發展

The development of Clinical Rehabilitation Psychology in Taiwan

臨床心理學在台灣於復健醫療領域的發展甚為緩慢，但因為復健與福祉醫療是健康照護領域中日漸重要的服務方向，臨床心理師加入醫療團隊的角色亟待強化。本文分成三大部分，歷史與定位部分首先回顧臨床心理師在復健醫療領域的萌芽，討論服務對象之特質，定位專業工作內涵，之後以實徵研究說明台灣復健醫療團隊對心理專業的期待。現況部份說明臨床復健心理學在醫療專業領域之實證研究與服務現況，以目前最主要的中樞神經系統疾患、成長疾患、以及身心障礙者適應與社區介入等三服務類型作為例子，分別提出病理、衡鑑、以及治療上可資借鏡與應用的台灣服務經驗與實證研究資料。第三部份是未來展望，一方面討論復健次專科臨床心理師的基礎養成知能和新興方向，以責成專業品質與倫理；另一方面探討目前最主要的困境，並提出對未來專業發展的策略，以期待專業對社會家國的貢獻。

The development of rehabilitation psychology in Taiwan had been slow. Nonetheless, clinical rehabilitation psychologist should be empowered because through rehabilitation to improve function and welfare of patients has becoming the core of health care for the patients. To depict the importance, there will be three major concerns in this article. Firstly, we have to appreciate the history how clinical rehabilitation psychologists joined the rehabilitation medical team, what were the characteristics of patients they served, what the specialty of clinical rehabilitation psychology is and how the rehabilitation team would expect the psychologists to offer their psychological care. Secondly, we have to understand the status of art in evidence-based study in Taiwan and its clinical implication in the field of clinical rehabilitation psychology. For caring patients suffering from the three major fields of diseases, including brain dysfunction, developmental disabilities and handicaps, the psychologists provided the clinical experience and research evidence in each field of patho-mechanism, assessment and treatment for the patients’ social adaptation and intervention. The third concern is to investigate the fundamental professionalism and future development of clinical rehabilitation psychologist prospectively in order to promote high-standard psychological care quality and ethics. We would also like to point out the major barriers and to depict the strategy plan in reaching such goal in order for the clinical rehabilitation psychologists to contribute to the medical care system in Taiwan.