軍事校院學生需求困擾、因應策略與軍事社會化關係探析：以陸、海、空軍官學校為例

A Study of the Relationships among Cadets’ Need-problems, Coping Styles and the Socialization at Military Institutes

本研究旨在探討軍校學生「需求困擾」、「因應策略」和「軍事社會化」之關係。研究採問卷調查法，以陸、海、空軍軍官學校正期班一至四年級全體男性學生802 名為研究對象；以自編「軍校學生需求困擾量表」(1)、「軍校生因應策略量表」(2)和錢淑芬（1996）「軍校學生軍事社會化量表」為研究工具；經統計分析，發現（1）新生組在「安全需求困擾」、「歸屬與愛需求困擾」、「尊重需求困擾」、「需求困擾」總分平均數顯著高於老生組；（2）新生組在使用「問題焦點因應策略」上顯著多於老生組；（3）老生組之「軍事社會化」程度顯著高於新生組；（4）使用「情緒焦點因應策略」之「需求困擾總分」平均數顯著高於使用「問題焦點因應策略」之「需求困擾總分」平均數；（5）整體軍校學生「軍事社會化」總分與「需求困擾」總分達顯著正相關（r=.182）；（6）「軍事社會化」程度越深，越使用「情緒焦點因應策略」。由於軍校學生「需求困擾」、「因應策略」與「軍事社會化」是被忽略的課題，作者呼籲學界予以重視。

The study examined the relationships among cadets’ need-problems, coping styles and the socialization at military institutes. “Cadets Need-problems Scale” 、”Cadets Coping Style Scale” developed by Sheng- Te Chang(2003) and the third “Cadets ＇ Socialization at Military Institutes Scale” developed by Shu-Fen Chien(1996) were used in this study, 1182 cades were asked to answer. Statistical results indicated, those were 1.the first group’s need-problem score was significantly higher than others；2.different groups were significantly different in using “positive coping style” than “negative coping style”；3.using “negative coping style” got significantly higher score in “need-problem” than “ positive coping style”；4.using “negative coping style” got significantly higher score in “Cadets’ Socialization at Military Institutes Scale” than “positive coping style”; and 5.the relationship between cadets’ need-problem and military socialization was shown to significantly positive(r=.182). Since the relationship under education, psychology, counseling has been a neglected topic, the author appeals for more attention to it.