協助一位發燒病童越南籍母親降低焦慮之泛文化護理經驗

Transcultural Nursing Experience: Assisting a Vietnamese Mother with a Febrile Child to Reduce Anxiety

本個案報告以Leininger泛文化照顧理論為基礎，協助一位發燒病童越南籍母親降低焦慮之泛文化護理經驗。筆者運用個別會談及參與觀察法收集相關資料，護理過程中運用泛文化照顧理論之日出模式評估個案對跨文化層面問題。結果發現當病童發燒時，個案會出現焦慮不安，常反覆詢問相同問題，其主要護理問題為「焦慮」。在整個護理過程中筆者運用主動關懷、傾聽接納及同理心，瞭解其需求及困境後，進而洽請翻譯員協助將腸胃炎及發燒照顧原則的衛教單張轉譯為越南文；同時在個案配偶協助溝通下，提供符合個案所能理解的衛教內容，筆者與個案討論後採用以毛巾溫水拭浴的方式，代替醋加香蕉葉及越南特有中藥秘方擦拭身體來退燒，在專業醫療系統與民俗醫療中取得平衡，達到文化融合性的護理照顧。其後發現當病童發燒時，個案已能依照衛教內容給予適當照顧且焦慮程度已減輕。近來外籍母親日益增加，文化議題在健康照顧上日趨重要，當護理人員面對不同國籍文化背景家屬時，應提高對文化的敏感度，依據文化特殊性提供個別照護。

This case report described the transcultural nursing experience by applying Leininger transcultural theory to assist a Vietnamese mother of a febrile child to reduce anxiety. Individual interview and observation were used to collect data. Leininger transcultural theory-sunrise model was used to identify problems in the nursing process. The mother appeared worried and anxious by asking the same questions involuntarily when her child had a high fever. The author applied active caring, listening and empathy in the nursing process. After realizing her needs and difficulties in taking care of her child, we found a translator for the mother and produced a booklet of caring principles for gastroenteritis and fever in Vietnamese version. We asked her husband to help with communication and clarification with her problems and provided education which she could comprehend. Through keeping a balance between professional medical system and folk medicine to attain culture-harmonized nursing care, the author taught the mother to use towel to do warm water bath instead of Vietnamese folk medicine to decrease body temperature. Later, the mother can give appropriate fever care according to education content and no longer experienced anxiety. Gradually, foreign mothers are increasing; therefore, cultural issue becomes more and more important. Nurses should demonstrate cultural sensitivity when provide care to patients with various culture background to individualize care.