信任之概念分析

Concept Analysis of Trust

「信任」(trust)是指個體在生活中面臨不同的情境時，能針對不同的對象、有著不同的目標與期望，又藉著對被信任者的信心，而衍生出可能的一種仰賴、依靠的態度。雖有許多的相關文獻，但卻未有一強固之測量工具被發展與驗證，而且國內在護病信任關係的探討更是付之闕如，故本文使用Walker和Avant(1995)所提出之概念分析步驟，針對「信任」進行概念分析，確認此概念之定義性特徵為：(1)被信任者具誠實的態度；(2)信任者依賴對其有意義或價值的被信任者；(3)信任者對被信任者有信心，並期待被信任者有行動達到信任者的期望；(4)信任發生的環境與未來發展都是充滿不確定的。除舉出範例說明闡釋，並列舉實證性資料，期望藉由此概念分析後，護理人員能對信任有更正確而深入的認識，進而廣泛運用信任概念於護理實務及研究範疇之中。

Trust refers to a kind of depending and relying attitude possibly derived from an individual through his/her confidence on a trusted person while the individual faces different situations in life and has different goals and expectations towards different targets. Although there were related works and references published in foreign countries, none of them had developed a strong measuring tool for verification. In Taiwan, general investigations even hardly touched upon the issue of nurse-patient trust and relationship. This paper employed the procedures of concept analysis proposed by Walker and Avant (1995) to perform concept analysis of “trust,” and confirm that the defining attributes of this concept are: (1) The trusted person possesses an honest attitude; (2) The trusting person depends on a trusted person who is meaningful or valuable to him/her; (3) The trusting person has confidence on the trusted person, and expects the trusted person to take action to realize the expectation of the trusting person; (4) The environment where trust happens and the future development of trust are both full of uncertainties. Apart from listing out examples for further explanation and elucidation, the paper also presented some positivist information. It is hoped that through the concept analysis made in this paper, nurses can have a more correct and deeper understanding of trust. Furthermore, they can extensively apply the concept of trust to their nursing practices and the domain of research.