外傷病患的健康相關生活品質－－文獻探討

Health-Related Quality of Life of Traumatic Injury Patients: Review of the Literature

以健康相關生活品質作為外傷病患的預後指標已逐漸被重視，原因是外傷會導致身、心與社會等各方面的失能，除直接衝擊病患與其家庭，耗費龐大的醫療支出，間接影響國家社會經濟。本文的內容包括：生活品質測量簡介、常用生活品質量表介紹、外傷病患生活品質相關研究、對臨床照護與未來研究之建議等四部分。綜合近年來研究結果發現，外傷後三個月身體功能最差，6至12個月會出現身心各方面的合併症與失能，多年後生活品質亦可能無法恢復至外傷前的狀態。研究也發現，年齡、性別、受傷嚴重程度與住院天數長短是生活品質的最佳預測因子。基於此，深入瞭解外傷病患的生活品質，並提供合適的介入措施，有助於生活品質的提昇與節省醫療資源。

The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important outcome measure for traumatic injury patients. Traumatic injury not only impacts on patients and their families, but also brings negative complications. The consequences of traumatic injury are costly and possibly long lasting. This article focuses on the theoretical basis for HRQoL measure, the popular scales for HRQoL measure, recent studies on HRQoL in traumatic injury patients, and recommendations for clinical care and future studies. The results of these studies identified that traumatic injury patients had the poorest physical function at 3 months after traumatic injury and had poor HRQoL at 6 to 12 months after hospital discharge. The complications of traumatic injury last for years in some patients. In addition, age, gender, severity of injury, and hospital length of stays were the significant predictors of HRQoL in traumatic injury patients. Accordingly, a deeper understanding of traumatic injury patients’ HRQoL may help to provide appropriate interventions and promote HRQoL for these particular patients and also decrease the overall health costs for this patient group.