精神分裂病人之生命意義

Life Meaning of Patients with Schizophrenia

探討精神分裂病患者生命意義的內容及其影響因素。本研究採質性研究中的田野研究法(field method)，由研究者以半結構的晤談指引，以立意取樣(purpose sampling)及面對面訪談方式，對九位慢性病房之精神分裂病患進行深度訪談，研究工具則採Chen(1995)修訂後的半結構式會談指引，會談過程以錄音機收集資料，並記錄每次會談內容，進行內容分析(content analysis)。精神分裂病患者生命意義的內容為：關懷的獲得、利他行為、對生命的感受及生命的存在，其影響因素主要為疾病及生命歷程的影響，而生存的理由主要是宗教及家人的支持。慢性精神分裂病人之生命意義的議題，有其個人獨特的特殊意涵及內容，故建議對於精神分裂病人的生命意義之探討宜從個案生活的現場進入，並從日常生活的目標與行動著手，使其生活更有意義與活力。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the content and influential factors of the life meaning of patients with schizophrenia. This research was a qualitative field method study. Semi-structural interview instruction developed by Chen in 1995 was used to interview nine patients with schizophrenia in a long-stay ward. Subjects were purposively selected and underwent a face-to-face interview. Each interview was audiotape-recorded and processed by content analysis. The identified life meanings of patients with schizophrenia were acquirement of care, altruistic behaviors, life experience, and existence of life. The influential factors were disease and life experience. The main reasons for life existence were religion and family support. The life meaning of patients with schizophrenia was unique and individualized. The exploration of life meaning of patients with schizophrenia could start with their routine living to make their life more meaningful and full of vitality.