復健病患之堅毅性概念分析

Hardiness of Rehabilitative Patients: A Concept Analysis

堅毅性對於復健病患的疾病適應及健康促進有著舉足輕重的影響力，護理人員應具備高度敏感性，試圖評估病患的人格堅毅性程度，以提供適切、個別性的護理照護，故本文以Walker和Avant(1995)所提出之方法進行「堅毅性」之概念分析。先廣泛查證此概念的定義，確認出其鑑定性特徵，再以模範、邊緣、相關及相反案例來做說明，並確認前因與後果和列舉出常見之實證性參考指標。此分析結果顯示堅毅性的鑑定特徵包括：以堅決態度面對壓力事件所帶來的影響、能忍受艱難的復健過程、積極參與復健過程以及相信自己的行為可以影響結果。期望藉此可使其於護理領域的應用更加廣泛，進而提昇病患的健康行為及適應能力。

Hardiness is an important influencing factor of illness adaptation and health promotion for rehabilitation patients. Nurses have to be highly sensitive to assess the patient’s hardiness level to provide individual care. This paper applied the methodology outlined by Walker and Avant (1995) to analyze the concept of hardiness. The steps include a literature review of conceptual definitions of hardiness, determine defining attributes, constructing model, borderline, related, and contrary cases, and identifying antecedents and consequences. Empirical referents are also outlined. As a result of analysis, defining attributes of hardiness included a determined attitude of confronting influences resulting from stressful events, enduring the difficult rehabilitation process, active participation in the rehabilitation process, and the belief in influencing powers of own behaviors. It is hoped that this analysis can provide references for nursing practices to improve the rehabilitation patient’s health behaviors and coping abilities.