降低學齡前期兒童接受靜脈注射時害怕行為之專案

Reducing Fear in Preschool Children during Intravenous Injection

本專案旨在改善學齡前期兒童接受靜脈注射時害怕行為，學齡前期兒童在執行靜脈注射，常會有哭鬧、緊抓家屬不放等行為，在單位中有81.82％的學齡前期兒童在執行靜脈注射時有害怕行為的表現，經由訪談15位幼兒及其父母發現原因有過去的不良經驗、家屬及護理人員在患孩接受靜脈注射前心理準備溝通不足、給予靜脈注射時約束姿勢過於制式化、缺乏分散孩童注意力的輔助工具。經小組成員參考文獻制定解決策略，執行降低兒童不良經驗的感受、家屬及護理人員加強對兒童接受靜脈注射前心理準備溝通工作、讓幼兒採自主的注射姿勢、增強分散孩童注意力的輔助工具等措施後，害怕行為出現比率由81.82％降至40％，幼兒在接受靜脈注射時的各項害怕行為也由2.21項/人次降低至0.63項/人次，因此藉由本專案讓孩童在執行靜脈注射時更合作，並促進醫病關係的進展，讓照護更人性化。

The aim of this project is to improve the manners related to fears of intravenous injection in preschool children. While receiving intravenous injection, children usually have reactions like crying and incorporation, etc. In the study unit, 81.82% of preschool children had fears while receiving intravenous injection. After interviewing with 15 children and their parents, we found out the reasons resulting in this fears included negative previous experiences, lack of communication about receiving intravenous injection between family, nursing staffs and patients, fixed positions for injection, lack of assisted tools for attracting children’s attentions. Our team members came out several strategies after reviewing related references. After applying these strategies for decreasing negative previous concepts of children, enhancing communicating preparation of intravenous injection among family, children and nursing staffs, using children’s favored position for injection, increasing assisted tools for attracting children’s attentions, the proportion of children having fears decreased from 81.82% to 40.0 %. Other associated reactions of fears also decreased from 2.21 to 0.63 per injection. By applying this project, children became more cooperative while receiving intravenous injection; besides, it can also promote the relationship between patients and health care providers as well as humanization of health care.