危機理論的應用：以一位初次獲知診斷之癌症病患為例

The Application of Crisis Theory: An Example of a Patient with Newly Diagnosed Cancer

在初次獲知癌症診斷時，病患經常面對極端的情境變化及壓力，如無法運用適當克服壓力的因應策略，則常會陷入危機狀態當中，進而影響生活品質。本文針對危機理論做簡介，以一臨床個案為例，運用理論之概念架構進行評估，並提供護理介入措施。在經過一段時間的護理之後，個案的生理舒適獲得改善，控制情緒的能力亦漸趨提昇，並能主動表達需求，與護理人員共同尋求問題解決的方法及分享內心感受，因而未陷入失衡的狀態中。期藉由此文能提供護理人員之危機評估及處置概念，並運用於臨床的照護中，以協助病患達到健康及情緒平衡為最終目標。

When first time being informed the diagnosis of cancer, the patients often face an extremely stressful situation. If they cannot use appropriate coping strategies to overcome this situation, they will fall into crisis, which influence their quality of life eventually. This article reviews crisis theory, applies theoretical framework to assess a clinical case and to provide nursing interventions. After providing nursing care for a period, physical comfort and emotional control ability of this case were both improved. In addition, this case could actively express her needs, discuss problems solving methods, and share her feelings with the nurse. At last she did not fall into imbalance status. This article introduced an example of application of crisis assessing and managing skills. Such application is useful in clinical practice.