探討某醫院急重症單位護理人員之洗手觀念及行為

Handwahsing Behavior and Attitude among Hospital Nursing Staff

雖然洗手被認為是預防院內感染最有效的管制措施，惟仍然有許多醫療人員不清楚其重要性，以致於洗手率普遍偏低，尤其發生在加護單位。為了解急重症護理人員對洗手之觀念及行為，以做為未來實行在職教育訓練和改善洗手相關設施之重要參考依據，因此特針對某醫院之急診、加護病房的護理人員進行問卷調查。調查期間自2002年2月，共得到36份有效問卷。97.2%的受訪者，皆一致認為其洗手的目的是同時保護自己和病人並避免交互感染。洗手的時機是與接觸病人後、如廁後和接觸病人之分泌物或排泄物後。不會經常洗手的主要原因是工作太忙碌和洗手檯離病床太遠。73%受訪者均認為院方應提供充裕的洗手設備和在職教育以提高洗手率。未來醫院應針對各單位所面對的問題，以影響洗手行為的模式為理論基礎，提出不同方式的改善措施，確實提高各單位醫療人員的洗手率進而降低院內感染率。

Although handwashing was recognized as the most effective method for prevention of nosocomial infection, many medical staffs did not realize its importance. Thus compliance of handwashing in medical facility is still low. In order to understand the handwashing behavior and attitude among nursing personnel, questionnaires were given to all nursing staffs in the intensive care unit in a hospital in February 2002. A total of 36 effective questionnaires were analyzed. All nursing staffs agreed that handwashing is the best, simple and economical way for prevention of nosoomial infection. They also understood that handwashing can avoid infection and prevent cross contamination. Most nursing staffs washed their hands after contact with patients and their secretions and excretions, as well as after toileting. Reasons for not completing handwashing included too busy, allergic to soap, and the handwashing sink is too far from the bedside. All nursing personnel agreed that provision of sufficient handwashing facilities and continuing education were the most effective measures for improving handwashing compliance. Different problems from various units need to be solved based on the theory of behavior change model, to improve the compliance of handwashing of medical staffs and reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infection.