門診手術病患於手術全期之護理需求探討

Exploration of the Patients' Needs on Perioperative Nursing in the Outpatient Service

本研究目的在瞭解門診手術病患手術全期護理之需求情形。採方便取樣法，以南部某醫學中心預行手術之門診病患為研究對象。研究工具依據文獻資料及臨床經驗，並訪談門診手術病患所設計的門診手術病患手術全期護理需求量表，共收集有效問卷107份。並以描述性統計及t檢定、單因子變異數分析及皮爾遜積差相關等進行資料分析。研究結果顯示：(1)門診手術病患對手術全期護理需求是有需要的，而以「等候手術的時間勿超過30分鐘」為首要，其次依順序分別為「手術後活動、飲食注意事項及傷口的照護」、「服用藥物的注意事項」及「術後不舒服時如何尋求支援」。(2)在需求影響因素中，教育程度及性別與門診手術全期護理需求呈顯著差異。(3)年齡、婚姻狀況、子女數、宗教信仰、工作情形、手術經驗、住院經驗、有無家人陪伴及此次麻醉方式的不同，與需求無顯著性的差異。希望藉此研究結果作為臨床護理人員對門診手術病患執行手術全期護理之參考依據，以減輕手術病患的緊張與害怕及提高護理服務品質。

Outpatient surgery patients are discharged soon after the operations. However, their needs on perioperative nursing should not be overlooked. The aim of the study was to know their needs during operative period. Data were collected through patient interview or self-administered questionnaires by outpatient surgery patients in a medical center in southern Taiwan. The results showed that: (1) During the period of perioperative nursing care, the patient's first concern was the waiting time. Secondly, they were concerned about when to resume their daily activities and feeding, and how to manage their wound. Finally, they were concerned about the precautions of taking the prescribed medications, and what kind of supports the hospital could offer after they were discharged. (2) The results of the study also revealed that the needs of perioperative nursing care were significantly different in sex and educational levels of patients. (3) The age, marital status, number of children, religion, work, experience in surgery, hospitalization, companionship of family or friends, and method of anesthesia did not relate to their needs. This study provides a reference for nursing staffs in reducing the fears of patients during the perioperative period.