護病關係中的情感反轉移

Transference and Counter-transference in the Nurse-Patient Relationship

護理人員與病患的互動牽涉到治療性的人際關係，而情感轉移與情感反轉移是此互動過程自然流露的內涵。為了讓關係有治療性效果，護理人員需檢視在護病互動過程中的情感轉移與情感反轉移，才能體驗病患的想法、感受與採取適當的反應。本文將說明情感轉移、情感反轉移的意義與其重要性，介紹情感反轉移呈現的面貌，及提昇護理人員自我覺察情感反轉移的方式。護理人員必須先覺察自己對病患的情緒或行為反應，才可能進一步確認接納病患可能產生的限制因素，持有中立、不批判的態度，客觀地發現及處理問題，提昇病患的照護品質。

This paper describes the meaning of transference and counter-transference and their importance in the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. Transference and counter-transference are generally recognized as an unconscious inevitable part of relationships. Both nurse and patient 'transfer' their emotional past and psychological needs into present situations and react accordingly. Consequently, nurses expressions and emotional reactions and behavior influence and inform the experience and reaction of patients. Findings suggest that nurses need to gain insight into their contributions to relationships with patients in order to detect patients' thoughts and feelings. They need to recognize and accept patients' limitations and maintain a neutral and uncritical attitude. Finally, development of greater insights into the nurse-patient relationship will help nurses use those insights to improve the quality of patient interactions and care.